Test 3 - Chapter 11 Flashcards
Classifying Prokaryotes
The most diverse group of organisms? Only a few are capable of causing disease?
Prokaryotes
A- Binary fission (most common), Snapping division, Reproductive structure formation are three ways which GROUP of cells reproduce?
B- Is this sexual or asexual rep.?
A- Prokaryotes
B-asexual
Epulopiscium is the first known case of _____ behavior in the prokaryotic world?
Viviparity
Endospores are produced by Gram negative or Gram positive?
Gram positive
Two Genera that produce endospores?
Bacillus and Clostridium
Anthrax, tetanus, botulism, gangrene, etc caused by _____ -forming bacteria
Endospore
Three LOCATIONS for Endospores?
Terminal, subterminal, and central
WHAT CLASSIFICATION is currently based on genetic relatedness of mRNA sequences?
Prokaryotic
The 3 Domains of Prokaryotic cells?
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
an Extremophiles is under which Prokaryotic Domain?
Archaea
Extremophiles require _____ _______ to survive.
extreme conditions
which Domain reproduce by binary fission, budding, or fragmentation?
Archaea
A- Do archea have peptidoglycan in their cell walls?
B- Do archea cause disease in humans or animals?
A-No
B- Not known to.
Which classification of TEMPERATURE (philes) are used in recominant DNA technology and in laundry detergents?
Thermophiles
Halophiles live in ______ saturated solutions.
NaCl
Do Halophiles, Methanogens or Thermophiles convert carbon dioxide hydrogen gas and organic acids to methane? Also found in colons.
Methanogens
Deeply branching bacteria arebelieved to be like the __[A]___(est) bacteria. (earliest/most recent?) And they are Autotrophic or Heterotrophic? [B]
A- earliest
B-Autotrophic
Aquifex is Heterotrophic/Chemoautotrophic /Autotrophic?
Chemoautotrophic
Deinococcus is unique in that its outer membrane is similar to Gram __[A]__ but it stains Gram __[B]__ and is very resistant to __[C]____
A-gram negatives
B-Gram positive
C-radiation
Phototrophs contain photosynthetic ___[A]____ and are autotrophic/heterotrophic?
A-lamellae
B- Autotrophic
Blue green bacteria green sulfur bacteria, green nonsulfur bacteria purple sulfur bacteria and purple nonsulfur bacteria are are examples of _______ Bacteria
Phototrophic
CLOSTRIDIA, & MYCOPLASMAS are a Low _[a]__+__[b]__ Gram-__[c]__ Bacteria
a]- G
b]- C
c]- Gram positive
Clostridia (endospore forming) are usually __[a]___ shaped and are [b] obligate/inobligate anaerobes?
a-rod shaped
b-obligate
Mycoplasmas lack ____[A] _____ so they stain Gram __[b]___ but are actually Gram __[c]___
a- cell walls
b-stain gram negative
c- gram positive
The smalles free living cells are?
Mycoplasmas
Bacillus Listeria Lactobacillus Streptococcus and enterococcus and staphylococcus are ALL Gram _[a]__ and are [b] low G+C or low A+T?
a-gram positive
b-low G+C
Some bacillus produce antiobiotics? T/F
true
Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium and Actinomycetes are ALL [a] low G+C/ low A+T? and are [b]Gram positive/Gram negative?
a-low G+C
b- Gram positive
Gram-Negative Proteobacteria are the [a] smallest/largest diverse group of bacteria?
largest
Many Gram-____ proteobacteria have extensions called prosthecae?
gram negative
Prosthecae are used for _[a]___ and to increase surface area for _[b]___ absorption?
a-attachment
b-nutrient absorption
Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Epsilonproteobacteria are all exaples of Gram-____ Proteobacteria?
Gram negative proteobacteria
ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA are usually [a] Aerobic/anaerobic? can grow in environments with very low [b] nutrient/oxygen levels? (They also have unusual metabolic methods.)
a-aerobic
b-nutrient
Alphaproteobacteria are nitrogen/hydrogen fixers?
nitrogen
Rickettsia, Brucella and Ehrlichia are all examples of Hydrophobic/Pathogenic Alphaproteobacteria?
pathogenic
Acetobacter and gluconobacter are examples of alphaproteobacteria that makes _____ acid?
acedic
Neisseria, bordetella, burkholderia are all examples of Pathogenic/Nonpathogenic Betaproteobacteria.
Pathogenic
Thiobacillus, zoogloea, sphaerotilus and spirillum are all examples of Pathigenic/Nonpathogenic Betaproteobacteria?
Nonpathigenic
Pseudonomads, and Glycolyctic Faculatative Anaerobes, are Gammaproteobacteri/Deltaproteobacteria?
Gammaproteobacteria
Pseudonomads cause have many human Nutrients/Pathgens?
Pathogens
UTI’s, swimmers ear, and death of patients with tracheal burn are all caused by Azotobacter/Pseudomonas?
Pseudomonas
Desulfovibrio, Bdellovibrio and Myxobacteria are all examples of Gammaproteobacteria/Deltaproteobacteria?
Deltaproteobacteria
Campylobacter and Helicobacter are examples of Epsilonproteobacteria/Deltaproteobacteria?
Epsilonproteobacteria
Chlamydias are Gram Negative/Positive?
Gram Negative
Most common sexually transmitted disease in US?
Chlamydia
Spirochites are Gram Negative/Positive?
Gram Negative
Treponema and Borrelia are examples of Pseudonomads/Spirochites?
Spirochites
Treponema causes Lyme Disease/Syphilis?
Syphilis
Borrelia causes Lyme Disease/Syphilis?
Lyme Disease
ARe Bacteroids Gram Negative/Positive?
Negative
Bacteroids inhabit animal [a]Gestational/Digestive tracts? where they help digestion by breaking down [b]Sucrose/Cellulose? and complex carbs
a- Digestive
b- cellulose
CYTOPHAGA is AQUATIC and digests complex Sugars/Carbs?
Carbs
