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Microbiology > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Protozoa, Fungi, Algae, water molds,slime molds are the five major groups of:

A

Eukaryotic organisms

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2
Q

Reproduction of Eukaryotes is MORE/LESS complicated than in prokaryotes?

A

more

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3
Q

Eukaryotic DNA is packaged as ____ in the nucleus?

A

chromosomes

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4
Q

Is there asexual reproduction in eukaryotes?

A

yes

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5
Q

In Eukaryotes, the nucleus has one or two complete copies of genome. If it is a single copy it is called a ____, two copies is called a ______.

A

haploid

diploid

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6
Q

the two types of nuclear division?

A

mitosis, meiosis

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7
Q

Four phases of Mitosis?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

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8
Q

Nuclear division that partitions chromosomes into four nuclei and the diploid nuclei produce haploid daughter nuclei. Process called?

A

Meiosis

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9
Q

Cytoplasmic division is known as____

A

cytokinesis

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10
Q

If cytokinesis is delayed or does not occur at all in some algae and fungi, it results in multinucleated cells called ______

A

coenocytes

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11
Q

Coenocytes have three mechanisms involved, the formation of a cell _[a]____, produced by fusion of vesicles. Constriction of a ring of __[b]___ around center of parent cell. And the pinching off of a small cell, which is called _[c]____

A

a- plate
b- proteins
c- budding

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12
Q

Schizogony is a special kind of _____ reproduction

A

asexual

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13
Q

In Schizogony: Multiple mitoses without cytokinesis produces a MEROZOITE/SCHIZONT?

A

schizont

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14
Q

In Schizogony : cytokinesis occurs for all cells simultaneously which produces numerous MEROZOITES/SCHIZONTS?

A

Merozoites

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15
Q

Schizogony occurs in which species, PSEUDONOMIA/PLASMODIUM?

A

Plasmodium

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16
Q

Plasmodium causes a disease called ______

A

Malaria

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17
Q

These three characteristics define which group?

  • eukaryotic
  • unicellular
  • lack a cell wall
A

Protozoa

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18
Q

Protozoa are motile/imotile? They have few or many pathogens?

A

motile

few

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19
Q

Do protozoa have a great or a weak morphologic diversity?

A

great morphologic diversity

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20
Q

Macronucleus’ and Micronucleus’ are found in which group?

A

Protozoa

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21
Q

Which one contains many copies of the genome, controls metabolism, growth, and sexual reproduction?

  • Micronucleus
  • Macronucleus
A

Macronucleus

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22
Q

Which one is involved in genetic recombination, sexual reproduction, and regeneration of macronuclei?

  • Micronucleus
  • Macronucleus
A

Micronucleus

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23
Q

The motile feeding stage found in PROTOZOA is called?

A

Trophozoites

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24
Q

When cells exchange DNA this is known as

A

Conjugation

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25
Q

Trichomonas, a normal resident of the human __[a]____, is an example of a [b] ALVEOLATE/PARABASALA?

A

a- human vagina

b- parabasala

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26
Q

Small membrane bound cavities beneath cell surfaces are called ______

A

alveolates

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27
Q

Paramecium and Balantidium are examples of which classification of Protozoa?

A

Alveolates

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28
Q

(APICOMPLEXANS/DINOFLAGELLATES) have a complex of intracellular organelles located at the ends of the cells and that enable them to penetrate host cells.

A

Apicomplexans

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29
Q

(APICOMPLEXANS/DINOFLAGELLATES) many are bioluminescent and produce red pigment, and some produce neurotoxins?

A

Dinoflagellates

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30
Q

APICOMPLEXANS and DINOFLAGELLATES are both examples of which classification of protozoa?

A

Alveolates

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31
Q

Naegleria, acanthamoeba, Entamoeba are under which classification of Protozoa?

A

Amoebozoa

32
Q

Which disease cause the following: diseases of eyes and brains that swim in contaminated water. (Naegleria Acanthamoeba/Entamoeba) ?

A

Naegleria acanthamoeba

33
Q

Which disease causes potentially fatal amoebic dysentery?

A

Entamoeba

34
Q

What structure moves with flagella,but has no pseudopodia so not an amoeboid movement? (Kintoplastids/Euglenids)?

A

Euglinids

35
Q

Kinetoplastids are under which classification of protozoa?

A

Euglenozoa

36
Q

A Kintoplast is a unique region of mitochondrial ____

A

DNA

37
Q

Trypanosoma and Leishmania are examples of Euglenids/Kinetoplastids?

A

Kinetoplastids

38
Q

Giardia is an example of ______ which has two equal-sized nuclei, and multiple flagella?

A

Diplomonadida

39
Q

Does fungi have cells walls?

Photosynthesis?

A

yes cell walls

no photosynthesis

40
Q

Fungi are more related to ____ than ____ (plants/animals)

A

animals than plants

41
Q

the study of fungi is called?

A

Mycology

42
Q

Fungi decompose dead organisms and recycle as _____

A

nutrients

43
Q

The fungi that cause disease of plants, animals, and humans are called _____?

A

mycoses

44
Q

The vegetative nonreproductie body of fungi is called?

A

Thallus

45
Q

A tangled mass of hyphae, usually found underground is called a ____

A

Mycelium

46
Q

Fungi that have moldlike thallus and yeastlike thallus are called?

A

Dimorphic

47
Q

Yeast like or mold like are more likely to cause disease?

A

yeastlike

48
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum causes a respiratory disease called _____

A

Histoplasmosis

49
Q

Coccidioides immitis causes a flulike disease called

A

Coccidioimycosis

50
Q

A fungi that absorbs nutrients from remnants of dead organisms is called a ____? They breakdown food outside of their own bodies (unlike us)

A

Saprobe

51
Q

Most fungi are anaerobic/aerobic?

A

aerobic

52
Q

Many _____ are faculatative anaerobes?

A

yeasts

53
Q

Candida albicans can cause oral ___ and _____ _____ infections

A

thrush,

vaginal yeast

54
Q

Alternaria alternata causes which disease?

A

asthma

55
Q

The classification of a fungi is based on the type of sexual ____ produced?

A

spore

56
Q

Zygomycetes is a classification of?

A

fungi

57
Q

Classify this: Small, obligate intracellular parasites that spread from host to host as small, resistant spores. Basidiomycetes/Microsporidia

A

Microsporidia

58
Q

These are decomposers and nutrient recyclers with visible fruiting bodies like mushrooms puffballs and bracket fungi? Basidiomycetes/Microsporidia

A

Basidiomycetes

59
Q

Claviceps purpurea produces _____ (a drug) and is under the classification of fungi called Basidiomycetes/Ascomycetes

A

Ascomycetes

60
Q

Aspergillus is under which classificatio of fungi?

Basidiomycetes/Ascomycetes

A

Ascomycetes

61
Q

Alternaria alternata , Penicillium and Saccharomyces are under which classification of Fungi?

A

Ascomycetes

62
Q

the study of algae?

A

Phycology

63
Q

Most algae live where?

A

in water

64
Q

What determines the color of algae and how deep they reside in water?

A

wavelengths

65
Q

Cell walls of red algae are composed of _____

A

agar

66
Q

Arthropod vectors are animals that carry _____

A

pathogens

67
Q

Mechanical vectors only carry the _____

A

pathogens

68
Q

Biological vectors care and are hosts for _____

A

pathogens

69
Q

Arachnids and insects are two _____ vectors

A

arthropod

70
Q

Arachnids include spiders and ____

A

ticks

71
Q

the most important arachnid vectors are?

A

ticks

72
Q

arthropod vectors Insects- include fleas and lice -or ticks and mites?

A

fleas and lice

73
Q

African sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis are caused by which insect?

A

flies

74
Q

Chagas diseas in transmitted by whch insect?

A

kissing bugs

75
Q

Malaria, yellow fever, filariasis, viral encephalitis are caused by which insect?

A

mosquitoes

Microbiology (10 decks)

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