Chapter 12 Flashcards
Protozoa, Fungi, Algae, water molds,slime molds are the five major groups of:
Eukaryotic organisms
Reproduction of Eukaryotes is MORE/LESS complicated than in prokaryotes?
more
Eukaryotic DNA is packaged as ____ in the nucleus?
chromosomes
Is there asexual reproduction in eukaryotes?
yes
In Eukaryotes, the nucleus has one or two complete copies of genome. If it is a single copy it is called a ____, two copies is called a ______.
haploid
diploid
the two types of nuclear division?
mitosis, meiosis
Four phases of Mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Nuclear division that partitions chromosomes into four nuclei and the diploid nuclei produce haploid daughter nuclei. Process called?
Meiosis
Cytoplasmic division is known as____
cytokinesis
If cytokinesis is delayed or does not occur at all in some algae and fungi, it results in multinucleated cells called ______
coenocytes
Coenocytes have three mechanisms involved, the formation of a cell _[a]____, produced by fusion of vesicles. Constriction of a ring of __[b]___ around center of parent cell. And the pinching off of a small cell, which is called _[c]____
a- plate
b- proteins
c- budding
Schizogony is a special kind of _____ reproduction
asexual
In Schizogony: Multiple mitoses without cytokinesis produces a MEROZOITE/SCHIZONT?
schizont
In Schizogony : cytokinesis occurs for all cells simultaneously which produces numerous MEROZOITES/SCHIZONTS?
Merozoites
Schizogony occurs in which species, PSEUDONOMIA/PLASMODIUM?
Plasmodium
Plasmodium causes a disease called ______
Malaria
These three characteristics define which group?
- eukaryotic
- unicellular
- lack a cell wall
Protozoa
Protozoa are motile/imotile? They have few or many pathogens?
motile
few
Do protozoa have a great or a weak morphologic diversity?
great morphologic diversity
Macronucleus’ and Micronucleus’ are found in which group?
Protozoa
Which one contains many copies of the genome, controls metabolism, growth, and sexual reproduction?
- Micronucleus
- Macronucleus
Macronucleus
Which one is involved in genetic recombination, sexual reproduction, and regeneration of macronuclei?
- Micronucleus
- Macronucleus
Micronucleus
The motile feeding stage found in PROTOZOA is called?
Trophozoites
When cells exchange DNA this is known as
Conjugation
Trichomonas, a normal resident of the human __[a]____, is an example of a [b] ALVEOLATE/PARABASALA?
a- human vagina
b- parabasala
Small membrane bound cavities beneath cell surfaces are called ______
alveolates
Paramecium and Balantidium are examples of which classification of Protozoa?
Alveolates
(APICOMPLEXANS/DINOFLAGELLATES) have a complex of intracellular organelles located at the ends of the cells and that enable them to penetrate host cells.
Apicomplexans
(APICOMPLEXANS/DINOFLAGELLATES) many are bioluminescent and produce red pigment, and some produce neurotoxins?
Dinoflagellates
APICOMPLEXANS and DINOFLAGELLATES are both examples of which classification of protozoa?
Alveolates
Naegleria, acanthamoeba, Entamoeba are under which classification of Protozoa?
Amoebozoa
Which disease cause the following: diseases of eyes and brains that swim in contaminated water. (Naegleria Acanthamoeba/Entamoeba) ?
Naegleria acanthamoeba
Which disease causes potentially fatal amoebic dysentery?
Entamoeba
What structure moves with flagella,but has no pseudopodia so not an amoeboid movement? (Kintoplastids/Euglenids)?
Euglinids
Kinetoplastids are under which classification of protozoa?
Euglenozoa
A Kintoplast is a unique region of mitochondrial ____
DNA
Trypanosoma and Leishmania are examples of Euglenids/Kinetoplastids?
Kinetoplastids
Giardia is an example of ______ which has two equal-sized nuclei, and multiple flagella?
Diplomonadida
Does fungi have cells walls?
Photosynthesis?
yes cell walls
no photosynthesis
Fungi are more related to ____ than ____ (plants/animals)
animals than plants
the study of fungi is called?
Mycology
Fungi decompose dead organisms and recycle as _____
nutrients
The fungi that cause disease of plants, animals, and humans are called _____?
mycoses
The vegetative nonreproductie body of fungi is called?
Thallus
A tangled mass of hyphae, usually found underground is called a ____
Mycelium
Fungi that have moldlike thallus and yeastlike thallus are called?
Dimorphic
Yeast like or mold like are more likely to cause disease?
yeastlike
Histoplasma capsulatum causes a respiratory disease called _____
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioides immitis causes a flulike disease called
Coccidioimycosis
A fungi that absorbs nutrients from remnants of dead organisms is called a ____? They breakdown food outside of their own bodies (unlike us)
Saprobe
Most fungi are anaerobic/aerobic?
aerobic
Many _____ are faculatative anaerobes?
yeasts
Candida albicans can cause oral ___ and _____ _____ infections
thrush,
vaginal yeast
Alternaria alternata causes which disease?
asthma
The classification of a fungi is based on the type of sexual ____ produced?
spore
Zygomycetes is a classification of?
fungi
Classify this: Small, obligate intracellular parasites that spread from host to host as small, resistant spores. Basidiomycetes/Microsporidia
Microsporidia
These are decomposers and nutrient recyclers with visible fruiting bodies like mushrooms puffballs and bracket fungi? Basidiomycetes/Microsporidia
Basidiomycetes
Claviceps purpurea produces _____ (a drug) and is under the classification of fungi called Basidiomycetes/Ascomycetes
Ascomycetes
Aspergillus is under which classificatio of fungi?
Basidiomycetes/Ascomycetes
Ascomycetes
Alternaria alternata , Penicillium and Saccharomyces are under which classification of Fungi?
Ascomycetes
the study of algae?
Phycology
Most algae live where?
in water
What determines the color of algae and how deep they reside in water?
wavelengths
Cell walls of red algae are composed of _____
agar
Arthropod vectors are animals that carry _____
pathogens
Mechanical vectors only carry the _____
pathogens
Biological vectors care and are hosts for _____
pathogens
Arachnids and insects are two _____ vectors
arthropod
Arachnids include spiders and ____
ticks
the most important arachnid vectors are?
ticks
arthropod vectors Insects- include fleas and lice -or ticks and mites?
fleas and lice
African sleeping sickness and leishmaniasis are caused by which insect?
flies
Chagas diseas in transmitted by whch insect?
kissing bugs
Malaria, yellow fever, filariasis, viral encephalitis are caused by which insect?
mosquitoes