Test 2 Study Guide Flashcards
what type of drugs are heroin or marijuana?
Schedule 1
What type of drug is Lomotil?
Schedule 5
what type of drugs are steroids and testosterone?
Schedule 3
what type of drug is xanax and valium?
schedule 4
what type of drug is cocaine and methamphetamine?
schedule 2
what are some examples of restricted stimulants?
cocaine and amphetamine
what are some examples of legal stimulants?
caffeine and nicotine
when was cocaine used in the U.S by?
19th century
who developed coca wine?
angelo mariani
who experimented with cocaine as a local anesthetic?
W.S. Halsted
who studied cocaine use as a potential treatment for depression and morphine dependence?
Sigmund Freud
what are the forms of cocaine?
coca paste, cocaine hydrochloride, freebase, and crack cocaine
cocaine blocks the reuptake of which neurotransmitters?
dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine
absorption and onset of effects of chewing or sucking on coca leave?
slow absorption and onset of effects
absorption and onset of effects of insufflation cocaine?
rapid absorption and onset of effects
absorption and onset of effects of intravenous injection?
rapid and brief effects
absorption and onset of effects of smoking?
rapid and brief effects
rapid onset of effect is equal to what?
high potential of psychological dependence
short duration of action is equal to what?
high potential of physical dependence
what is cocaine metabolized by?
enzymes in the blood and liver
what is the half life of cocaine?
one hour
what are some early medical uses for amphetamine?
asthma, narcolepsy, stimulant
how many times is amphetamine methylated?
once
what is methamphetamine more commonly associated with?
illegal and recreational use
is methamphetamine or amphetamine more lipophilic?
methamphetamine
which sedative hypnotic drug is more likely to lead to drug dependence?
short acting barbiturates
what is one of the most dangerous effects of taking depressants with alcohol?
respiratory depression
among the barbiturates what would you choose when prescribing a sleeping pill?
higher dose of a short acting drug
what is a major advantage of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates?
greater safety margin
the chemical structure of amphetamines is similar to what?
catecholamine neurotransmitters
fast onset of effects for amphetamine/meth
psychological dependence
long duration of effects for amphetamine/meth
physical dependence
half life of amphetamine/meth
5-12 hours
how is amphetamine/meth metabolized?
by enzymes in the liver
chronic toxicity of amphetamine/meth
paranoid psychosis
what is the model of mental disorders
symptoms-diagnosis-determination of cause-treatment-cure
what are common types of mental disorders
anxiety, mood, and psychotic
DSM-5 anxiety disorders
-specific phobia
-social anxiety disorder
-panic disorder
-generalized anxiety disorder
DSM-5 mood disporders
-major depressive disorder
-bipolar disorder
which part of the brain is affected by depression
hippocampus
what is the suicide rate?
4 times higher in men than women
what are some symptoms of mania?
restless, have a lot of energy, talk non-stop
positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
-excess of distortions
negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
-loss of functions
What do conventional/typical antipsychotics do?
-dopamine antagonists
-block D2 receptors
-produce pseudoparkinsonism
What do atypical antipsychotics do?
-serotonin-dopamine antagonists
-block dopamine and serotonin receptors
