Chapter 8 Flashcards
mental disorders characterized by excessive fear, worries, and avoidance
anxiety disorder
serious mental disorder involving loss of contact with reality
psychosis
type of mood disorder known as manic depressive disorder
bipolar disorder
major type of mood disorder
depression
a group of drugs used to treat psychosis
phenothiazines
a general term for antipsychotic drugs
neuroleptic
drug used in treating mania and bipolar disorder
lithium
fear of something definite
specific phobia
fear of humiliation or embarrassment while being observed by others
social anxiety disorder
sudden unexpected surges in anxiety
panic disorder
reaction to future threats is worry
generalized anxiety disorder
swinging between manic and depressive states
bipolar disorder
positive symptoms of schizophrenia
excess of distortions
negative symptoms of schizophrenia
loss of functions
two groups of antipsychotics
conventional and atypical
three types of antidepressants
monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclics, selective reuptake inhibitors
most effective treatment for severe depression
electroconvulsive therapy
pathway of anxiety low road
stimulus, thalamus, amygdala, hypothalamus
pathway of anxiety high road
stimulus, thalamus, sensory cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus
what is affected by depression
hippocampus
anatomy of depression
low serotonin and dopamine, high corticosteroid
what causes mania
dopamine
what causes schizophrenia
dopamine activity increases
mechanism of action for conventional anti psychotics
block D2 receptors, dopamine antagonist, produce pseudoparkinsonism
mechanism of action for atypical antipscyhotics
serotonin dopamine antagonist, block D2 dopamine and serotonin in receptors
side effects of antipsychotics
allergic reaction, pseudo parkinsonism, photosensitivity
mechanism of action for MAO inhibitors
increases serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine by inhibiting enzymatic breakdown
mechanism of action for tricyclic antidepressants
increases serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine by interfering with reuptake
mechanism of action for SRI antidepressants
increased serotonin or norepinephrine by interfering with reuptake
what do all anti depressants generally do?
increase serotonin or norepinephrine
what is the main side effect of antidepressants
increase in suicidal thoughts
mechanism of action for lithium
blocks dopamine receptors, modulate balance between GABA and glutamate
