Test 2 - RU adrenals Flashcards

1
Q

cortex contains

A

zona glomerulosa (aldosterone)

zona fasciculata (cortisol)

zona reticularis (sex-steroids)

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2
Q

medulla contains

A

chromaffin cells (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

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3
Q

hypercorticism

exogenous corticosteroid medication (most common)

hyperproduction of ACTH

adrenal cortical adenoma or adrenal carcinoma

ectopic production of ACTH

A

cushing syndrome

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4
Q

bilateral hyperplasia of adrenal zona fasciculata secondary to hyperactivitiy of pituitary corticotrophs or to ectopic ACTH like production by a variety of tumors; adrenal cortical adenoma

A

cushing syndrome

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5
Q

aldosterone producing adrenocortical adenoma (aldosteronoma)

hypertension, sodium and water retension, hypokalemia

decreased serum renin

A

primary aldosteronism

Conn syndrome

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6
Q

causes stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system

serum renin is increased

A

secondary aldosteronism

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7
Q

leads to diminished cortisol production and compensatory increased ACTH, with resultant adrenal hyperplasia with androgenic steroid production

21- hydroxylase def.

11- hydroxylase def

adrenocortical adnomas

adrenocortical carcinomas

A

adrenal virilism (adrenogenital syndrome)

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8
Q

primary adrenal cause or secondary to hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction

def. in glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoid

A

hypocorticism (adrenal hypofunction)

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9
Q

primary adrenocortical def.

idiopathic adrenal atrophy

hypotension, increased pigmentation of skin, decreased serum sodium, chloride, glucose, bicarbonate; increased serum potassium

A

addison disease

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10
Q

adrenal insufficiency and vascular collapase is due to hemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal cortex

associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation

due to meningococcemia (meningitis)

A

waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome

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11
Q

tumor is derived from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla

most often benign

increased urinary excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites

can cause hyperglycemia

A

pheochromocytoma

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12
Q

highly malignant - comprised of small round blue cells which form characteristic rosette-like structures

occurs in early childhood

urinary catecholamines

abdominal mass

tumor is characterized by amplification of the N-myc oncogene with thousands of gene copies per cell

A

neuroblastoma

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13
Q
A
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