Test #2: Medical Term. Flashcards by Alexis Kalota

Root words origins are mainly from…

Greek and Latin

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——— is an element common to all the words of a group of a similar meaning

A root word

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———— is the foundation of a word.

gives the word its major meaning

A root word

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Ending that follow a word root

Suffix

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Word part that goes before root word

Prefix

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When a vowl is added to a word root, word part that results is

Combining form

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DIRECTIONAL TERMS-

Pertaining to the middle

Medial

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Pertaining to the side

Lateral

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Away from center of the body

Distal

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Closest to the origin

Proximal

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Toward head

Cephalic or cephalad

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Toward feet

Caudal or caudad

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Inside of the body/ toward medial plane

Internal

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Outside of the body / away from medial plane

External

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TERMS OF POSITIONING-

Head lower than the feet

Trendelenburg

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Lying down

Recumbent

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Pertaining to the back of the body (posterior)

Dorsal

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Pertaining to the front of the body (anterior)

Ventral

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Turn hand upward

Supinate

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Turn hand downward

Pronate

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Movement away from body

Abduction

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Movement toward the body

Adduction

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Lying down

* Shooting the beam horizontally across the body

Decubitus

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SPINAL CURVATURES-

Outward curve

Thoracic & sacrum
Primary curve (born with it)

Kyphotic

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Back is humped outward abnormally | Hunchback

Kyphosis

Inward curve * cervical & lumbar * secondary curve (as u develop, curve develops more)

Lordodic

Spine curved inward TOO MUCH | Swayback

Lordosis

Lateral curvature of spine

Scoliotic-scoliosis

BODY PLANES- Divided the body into right and left portions *front to back

Sagittal

Vertical at midline *equal right & left halves

Midsagittal

Vertical, right angles to sagittal plane * divide body anterior & posterior portions * passes from side to side

Coronal (frontal)

Vertical, divided equal anterior & posterior portions

Mid-coronal

Right angles, sagittal & frontal sections * divided into upper & lower portions * cut across body

Transverse (horizontal)

SPECIAL CARE UNITS- ICU * CRITICAL patients who need monitoring

Intensive care unit

CCU *patients who have heart conditions here

Coronary Care Unit

HCU or OHU *send open heart patients who came from surgery

Heart Care Unit Or Open Heart Unit

RCU * where u send chronic respiratory patients

Respiratory Care Unit

IMCU *send patients who still need extra care but are improving after leaving the ICU

Immediate Care Unit

ER / ED * emergency department

Emergency Room / Emergency Department

X-ray that shows motion

Fluoroscopy

Examination of urinary system

Urogram

Examination of kidneys

Pyelogram

Examination of ureters

Ureterogram

Examination of urethra

Urethragram

Medical specialist who used radiation for diagnosis & treatment

Radiologist

Physician skilled in roentgen diagnosis, therapy or both

Roentgenologist

MEDICAL ABBREVIATIONS- ASAP

As Soon As Possible

BE, BaE

Barium enema

BID

Twice daily | Usually meds

Ć | A c with a line above it

With

CCU

Coronary Care Unit

Centimeter

COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

CVA

Cerebrovascular Accident

CXR

Chest X-Ray

Diagnosis

Emergency Room

Gastrointestinal

History

ICU

Intensive Care Unit

IVP *typically for fluoroscopy

Intravenous Pyelogram

KUB

Kidneys, Ureters & Bladder

LMP

Last Menstrual Period

MRI, MR

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

NOP * important for fluoroscopy exams * typically eat/drink after midnight

Nothing By Mouth

PAR

Post Anesthesia Recovery

Post-Op

After surgery

Pre-Op

Before surgery

Physical Therapy

pt | Lower case

Patient

QID

Four times daily

R/O

Rule out | Must clinically “suspect”

SOB

Shortness Of Breath

S/P

Status post

STAT

Immediately *must drop what your doing and go!! (Under certain circumstances is it ok to finish why ur doing Ex) bein w/ patient )

TIA

Transient Ischemic Attack | Mini heart attack

UGI

Upper gastrointestinal series

BUN

Blood, urea, nitrogen * lab results (blood work) * for contrast agents usually

Fracture

SBFT

Small Bowel Follow Through

RADIOGRAPHIC NOMENCLATURE: The positive electrode in X-ray tube is..

Anode

The negative electrode in the X-ray tube is...

Cathode

Diff in densities on a radiographic image; allows details to be seen

Contrast

The opaqueness; overall blackness in image

Density

Area of the anode in X-ray tube from which x-rays emerge

Focal spot

Device prevents scatter radiation exiting body from reaching the image receptor; placed btw patient and image receptor

Grid

Peak kilovoltage that is applied to the X-ray tube; determines the wavelength of x-ray beam, it’s ability to penetrate body & number of shades of grey in image

KVP

The milliamperage seconds, is product of milliaperage and time. Current is passed through X-ray tube. X-ray produced consequently overall darkness

mAs

Distance from the part being radiographed (patient), to the image receptor

Object-image distance (OID)

Distance from the source of radiation to the device that is detecting the radiation

Source to image distance (SID)

Distance from the source of radiation to part being examined (patient)

Source to object distance (SOD)

SINGULAR ENDINGS TO PLURAL ENDINGS: -a

-us

-um

-ma

mata | Like circoma = circomata

-on

-is

es | Like diagnosis= diagnoses

-ix, ex

ices | Like Apex =appendices

PREFIXES: ante

Front | Like anterior

contra

Against

decub

Lying down

dors

Back | Like dorsal

ect

Outside

hemi

Half

poly

Many

sub

Below | Think like submarine.... goes under water; below the water level

trans

Across | Think “transgender”.... male “trans”itions to a women

vent

Front | Like ventral

SUFFIXES: (Found after the food word) -algia

Pain

-centesis

Puncture

-ectomy

Excision

-genic

Origin

-gram, -graphy

Recording of

-itis

Inflammation

-megaly

Enlargement | Think of mega = big

-oma

Tumor

-scopy

Inspection | Like endoscopy

OPERATIVE SUFFIXES: Lithotomy

Removal of stones

Tripsey

Crushing or friction

ROOT WORDS: aden

Gland | Like Adenoid

angio

Vessel | Like angiogram

arth

Joint | Like arthritis

chiro

Hand

cysto

Bladder, sac

encephal

Brain (Like encephalitis) itis=condition

enter

Intestine | Remember the “in” I’m intestine!!!

gaster

Stomach

hem

Blood

hepat

Liver

myel

Spinal cord

nephr

Kidney (Like nephritis) -itis = condition

osteo

Bone | Like osteoarthritis

pneum

Air | Pneumonia

radi

Ray

Osteomegely

Enlargement of the bone

Bronchiectasis

Expansion of bronchi

Nephrolithotomy

Removal of kidney stones

Pericardium

Around the heart

Hemangioma

Tumor of blood vessel

Tracheoscopy

Inspection/exam of trachea

Arthrocentesis

Puncture of a joint

Hemigastrectomy

Removal of half stomach

Pyloromyotomy

Incision of pylorussphincter muscle

Mastectomy

Removal of breast