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Radiology sem 1 > Contrast Studies > Flashcards

Contrast Studies Flashcards

1
Q

Are the three structures that start digestion?

A

1) teeth
2) tongue
3) salivary glands

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2
Q

Where is the parotid gland found?

A

Infront of he ear

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3
Q

Where is the submandibular or submaxillary glands found?

A

Below jaw

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4
Q

Where is the sublingual glands found?

A

Floor of the mouth

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5
Q

How long is the pharynx and esophagus ?

A

10in esophagus

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6
Q

What does the oropharynx do?

A

Conveys food to the esophagus and air to the larynx

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7
Q

What does the nasopharynx do?

A

Closest during swallowing to prevent food from going into the nose

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8
Q

Is the epiglottis do?

A

Prevents food from entering the trachea

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9
Q

How long is the esophagus and what does it do?

A

10in long

Passes via peristalsis and salads via gravity

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10
Q

Where does the esophagus start and end?

A

Pharynx to the stomach

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11
Q

Where is the cardiac sphincter located in the stomach?

A

At the opening between the esophagus and stomach

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the cardiac sphincter?

A

Regurgitates food back up the esophagus

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13
Q

Where is the pyloric sphincter found in the stomach?

A

Sitting between the stomach and the small intestine

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14
Q

What is Rugae?

A

Folds in the stomach

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15
Q

Pylorus is what part of the stomach?

A

Distal

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16
Q

What part of the body is the stomach?

A

Mid section of stomach

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17
Q

Which part of the stomach is the fundus?

A

Superior portion of stomach

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18
Q

Which part of the stomach is the cardia?

A

Surrounds the cardiac sphincter (opening)

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19
Q

The stomach up here in a hypersthenic person?

A

Sits horizontal, midway, higher in stomach and starts in the LUQ to RUQ

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20
Q

How does the stomach appear in a asthenic person?

A

Vertical and lower in abdomen in the pelvis area

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21
Q

How long is the small intestine?

A

22-28 ft in length

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22
Q

How many portions of the small intestine divided into?

A

3

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23
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

Where the majority of digestion takes place

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24
Q

What are the three portions of the small intestine are divided into?

A

1) duodenum
2) jujunum
3) ileum

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25
Q

What in the small intestine is “C”shaped, is 8-10 inches in length where all the digestive juices dump into?

A

Duodenum

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26
Q

What in the small intestine is 2/5, 8 feet in length is in the upper portion of the intestine?

A

Jejunum

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27
Q

Which part of the small intestine is the lower 3/5. and that is 15in in length and where crones disease typically occurs?

A

Ileum

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28
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A

Waste removal and absorption of water

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29
Q

The large intestine is how long?

A

5-8 ft in length and takes up all 4 quadrants

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30
Q

Haustra is what?

A

Pouches in lg intestine

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31
Q

What are the 3 subdivisions at the large intestine that are broken down into?

A

Cecum
Colon
Rectum

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32
Q

Where does ileum and large intestine meet?

A

At the cecum

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33
Q

What is situated at the junction of the cecum and illeum?

A

Illeocecal valve

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34
Q

The colon is divided into what 4 subdivisions?

A

1) ascending colon
2) transverse colon
3) descending colon
3) sigmoid colon

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35
Q

Which colon Passes inferiorly from left colic flexure to sigmoid colon?

A

Descending colon

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36
Q

Which colon is horizontally portion extending from the right colic flexure to left colic flexure

A

Transverse Colon

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37
Q

What is the very end portion of the large intestine that is 6 inches in length?

A

Rectum

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38
Q

Part of the rectum is a lower 1 1/2 inches and is controlled by sphincters

A

Anal canal

39
Q

What are the accessory organs of digestion?

A

1) pancreas
2) liver
3) gall bladder

40
Q

Which accessory organs of digestion crates enzymes and insulin?

A

Pancreas

41
Q

It is part of the pancreas that secretes insulin?

A

Islets of langerhans

42
Q

Accessory Organ is located behind the stomach and the retroperitoneum?

A

Pancreas

43
Q

Which accessory organs filter blood and produces bile (located in the RUQ)

A

Liver

44
Q

Which accessory Oregon has 2 major lobes and is the largest solid organ in the body?

A

Liver

45
Q

Which hollow accessory Organ you can live without and it’s stores bile that lies underneath the liver?

A

Gallbladder

46
Q

What duct does the gallbladder empty into?

A

Cystic duct

47
Q

What passageways will bile travel through the gallbladder to the deuodbum?

A

1) Cystic duct
2) Common bile duct
3) Sphincter of oddi

48
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system?

A

1) To physicallh and chemically break down food
2) Get rid of wastes
3) Absorb nutrients

49
Q

What are the three basic compounds of food?

A

1) proteins
2) carbs
3) fats

50
Q

Which body habituate type is the stomach almost horizontal and high in abdomen?

A

Hypersthenic

51
Q

Which area is the most superior part of stomach

A

Fundus

52
Q

Which is most inferior part of stomach

A

Pylorus

53
Q

Distal esophagus empties into the contents into what?

A

Cardiac antrum

54
Q

Which opening is located between the stomach and small intestine

A

Pyloric orifice

55
Q

Which opening is the distal end of the small intestine

A

Illeocecal orifice

56
Q

Which structure is the proximal part is the small intestine

A

Duodenum

57
Q

Which structure is the distal part of the small intestine

A

Illeum

58
Q

In which abdominal region does the large intestine originate

A

Right iliac

59
Q

Which structure is the proximal part of the large intestine?

A

Cecum

60
Q

Which part of the large intestine is located between the ascending and descending parts of colon

A

Transverse colon

61
Q

Which structures located between the a sending and the transverse colon

A

Great colic flexure

62
Q

Where is allergic to stand in the left colic flecture located

A

Between the transverse colon and the descending colon

63
Q

Which structure is the pouch like part of the large intestine situated below the junction of the ileum and the colon?

A

Cecum

64
Q

Where is the larger Justin is the sigmoid located?

A

Between the descending colon and the rectum

65
Q

How long does it usually take the first part of the barium meal to reach the ileocecal valve?

A

2-3 hours

66
Q

Approximately how long does it usually take a barium able to reach the rectUm?

A

24 hours

67
Q

Which do you imaging modalities are most commonly used to see him at the alementary canal after the introduction of a barium product?

A

Fluoroscopy and radiology

68
Q

Which type of contrast media is most commonly used for examining the upper G.I. tract?

A

Barium sulfate suspension

69
Q

To demonstrates swallowing function at best and which position to the patient be a place to begin the fluoroscopic phase of a single contrast examinations of the esophagus

A

Upright

70
Q

Which 2 recumbent oblique positions can be used to demonstrate best and unobstructed image of a barium filled esophagus between the vertebrae in the heart

A

RAO and LPO

71
Q

Which of the following is a major advantage of double contrast UGI examination over single contrast UGI examination?

A

Small lesions on the mucosal lining are better demonstrated

72
Q

Or the PA projection as part of the upper G.I. examination why should the lower lung fields be included on these 14 x 17” image receptor

A

To demonstrate a possible hiatal hernia ( Makes diaphragm higher )

73
Q

For the double contrast UGI examination which projection from uses the best image of a gas filled duodenum bulb and pyloric canal?

A

AP oblique, recumbent LPO

74
Q

For the single contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent, which projection produces the best image of a barium filled pyloric canal and duodenal bulb called in patient who is habitus approximates the sthenic type

A

PA oblique,RAO position

75
Q

Which breathing procedure sure the patient perform when UGI images are exposed

A

Suspended expiration

76
Q

For the double contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection produces the best image of a gas filled fundus

A

PA oblique, RAO position

77
Q

For the UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection best demonstrates the right retro gastric space

A

Right lateral projection

78
Q

To which level of the patient should the central rat be directed for the PA oblique projection, RAO position, as part of the UGI examination

A

L1-L2

79
Q

Which examination of the alimentary canal requires that a series of images were taken at specific time intervals after the ingestion of the contrast medium?

A

Small vowel series

80
Q

For a small bowel series of a patient with hypomotility of the small intestine which procedure should be performed to accelerate peristalsis

A

Instructed patient to drink a glass of ice water

81
Q

What is the proper sequence for filling the large intestine with Mariam when performing a barium enema

A

Rectum, sigmoid, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon

82
Q

Which instructions should be giving to the patient if camping is experienced during feeling of the large intestine for a barium enema

A

Concentrate on deep oral breathing

83
Q

Before the enamaa tip is inserted during a barium enema why should a small amount of barium sulfate make sure be allowed to run into a waste basin

A

To remove air from the tube

84
Q

Which procedure should be accomplished when inserting the enema tip for a barium enema

A

Ensure that the tip is inserted me more than 3 1/2 to 4 inches

85
Q

Which structures of the large intestine are of primary interest with AP axial or PA axial projections during a barium enema

A

Sigmoid and rectum

86
Q

How many degrees in which direction should the central rag be directed for the PA axial projection during a barium enema

A

30-40 degrees caudal (feet)

87
Q

Which structure of the large intestine is of primary interest for the PAO Oblique, RAO projection during a BE examination

A

Right colic flexure

88
Q

Which barium enema projection does not require Colic flexures to be included in the image

A

Lateral

89
Q

Which barium enema projection requires that a 10 x 12” image receptor be placed in lengthwise and centered to the level of the anterior superior iliac spine ;ASIS)

A

Lateral

90
Q

For the right lateral to decubitus position as part of a barium enema which procedure should be done to ensure that the ascending colon is demonstrated in the image

A

Elevate the patient on the radiolucent support

91
Q

Which 2 oblique projections can be performed to demo the left colic flexure during a BE?

A

PA oblique, LAO position… AP oblique, LPO position

92
Q

For the PA projection during a BE, what is the advantage of placing the x-Ray table and patient slight Trendelenburg position?

A

Help separate overlapping loops of distal bowel

93
Q

What demonstrates the left colic flexure and the descending colon

A

LAO and RPO

94
Q

What demonstrates the right colic flexure snd the ascending colon

A

RAO and LPO

Radiology sem 1 (8 decks)

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