test 2: lecture 8 - mitosis Flashcards
1
Q
phases of mitosis
A
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
2
Q
is mitosis sexual or asexual?
A
asexual: two identical daughter cells
3
Q
what type of cells does mitosis produce?
A
somatic cells
4
Q
prophase (8)
A
- chromatin condenses in nucleus
- chromosomes visible as little rods and as 2 sister chromatids
- nucleoli disappear
- centrioles form spindle fibers (microtubules)
- centrosomes move to poles
- no more RNA transcription
- final breakdown of nuclear membrane
- connect kinetochores to spindle fibers at centromeres
5
Q
metaphase
A
- centrioles completely opposite
- asters form
- kinetochores are attached to spindle fibers
- some microtubules overlap (fibers) and are not connected to kinetochores
- chromosomes line up in middle of cell: metaphase plate
6
Q
anaphase
A
- sister chromatids seperate (opp. sides of cell)
- spindle fibers shorten
- cell deforms as unattached microtubules move farther apart
- at the end, each pole has complete collection of chromosomes
7
Q
telophase
A
- unattached microtubules move further apart
- daughter nuclei begin to form
- nuclear membrane begins to form
- chromatin becomes less tightly coiled
- cytokinesis begins: cleavage furrow splits cell into 2 daughter cells
8
Q
how does the cleavage furrow occur?
A
caused my actin filaments (microfilaments) contracting
9
Q
true or false? plants have a cleavage furrow?
A
false - plants will begin to form a cell wall
