intro to genetics

Question 1

who developped mendelian genetics?

Answer 1

gregor mendel

Question 2

character

Answer 2

heritable feature that varies among individuals

Question 3

traits

Answer 3

each character has many varieties called traits

Question 4

gene

Answer 4

code for some characteristic (ex: eye colour, flower colour)

Question 5

alleles

Answer 5

alternative versions of a gene

Question 6

gene locus

Answer 6

each gene occurs on a specific chromosome and is located at a a specific site; location is called the gene locus

Question 7

how many gene loci on each gene?

Answer 7

• two for each gene, one locus on each homologous chromosome (diploid organisms)
• homologous chromosome code for same genes but may have different alleles for that gene (ex: code for eye colour, but different eye colours)

Question 8

dominant

Answer 8

allele is expressed in the organism’s appearance (upper case letter)

Question 9

recessive

Answer 9

allele is used but has no visible effecct on appearance (low case letter)

Question 10

homozygous

Answer 10

both alleles are the same (diploids)

Question 11

heterozygous

Answer 11

different alleles

Question 12

phenotype

Answer 12

outward expression of genes (eye colour, flower colour)

Question 13

genotype

Answer 13

individual’s pattern of allele’s

Question 14

dominant allele

Answer 14

masks presence of another allele

Question 15

recessive allele

Answer 15

presence can be masked by a dominant allele