Test 2 Cytokines Flashcards
1
Q
Cytokines
A
- Soluble proteins secreted primarily by white blood cells
- Small molecular weight proteins
- Weakly immunogenic
2
Q
IFNs
A
- interferons
- secreted by leukocytes
- alpha, beta, gamma
3
Q
ILs
A
- interleukins
- secreted by leukocytes
- IL2 and IL11 are used therapeutically
- IL1 can be dangerous in significant amounts
4
Q
Growth factors
A
proteins that activate cell proliferation and differentiation
5
Q
Chemokines
A
- protein with chemotactic activity
- IL8; not yet used therapeutically
6
Q
chemotactic
A
attracts neutrophils to the site
7
Q
Pleiotropy
A
one cytokine targeting several cells / has several functions
8
Q
Redundancy
A
multiple cytokines target the same cell and have similar function
9
Q
autocrine
A
- the cell that releases the cytokine can be a target for the cytokine
10
Q
paracrine
A
- cell releases cytokine and it acts on another cell / target
11
Q
special handling of cytokines
A
- do not refrigerate, heat, or shake
- must be administered IV bolus
12
Q
IL2
A
for renal cell cancer and melanoma
13
Q
IL11
A
for thrombocytopenia
14
Q
How can we improve formulation and dosing of cytokines?
A
- PEG
- Pegylation lengthens the circulatory half life and improves stability.
15
Q
IL 2 MOA
A
- promote growth of NK cells
- generate lymphokine activator killer cells
- can also induce generation / proliferation of normal T cells from hemotopoietic stem cells so we have more T cells in our body
- sustain growth of activated T cells
