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Bacteriology Practice Questions > Test 1: Yeast > Flashcards

Test 1: Yeast Flashcards

1
Q
  • Cryptococcus*
  • Candida*
  • Malassezia*

are all forms of

A

YEAST

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2
Q

What is blastoconidia

and when is it observed?

A

Blastoconidia is observed microscopically

during asexual reproduction

and are

single celled budding structures

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3
Q

Telemorphs, like Candida are found in this phylum

A

Phylum Ascomycota

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4
Q

Phylum Basidiomycota

includes which types of yeast?

A

Phylum Basidiomycota

includes

**Cryptococcus **and Malassezia

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5
Q

___________

is a yeast found in the *proventriculus *of birds

going light in budgerigars

and causes

fatal disease characterized by

progressive weight loss in birds

A

Megabacteria

Macrorhabdus ornithogaster

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6
Q

This yeast causes

ulcerative lesions affecting mucous membranes

of the

respiratory tract

meninges of the CNS

chorioretinitis of the eye

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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7
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

can affect all animals, including humans, but MOSTLY affects which species?

A

CATS

affected most by

Cryptococcus neoformans

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8
Q

The virulent polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans

is stained well by

A

mucicarmine

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9
Q

Melanin and Mannitol

are virulence factors that

act as free radical scavengers in

what type of yeast infection?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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10
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans is variable and has

4 serotypes.

Name them and where they are found.

A

Serotype A: Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii

Serotype B and C: Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii

Serotype D: Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans

Grubii and Neoformans (A and D) in TEMPERATE

Gattii (B and C) in southern california

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11
Q

What are the 3 reservoirs of

Cryptococcus neoformans?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

in

surface dust and dirt

amoebas

dried pigeon poop

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12
Q

_________

acts as the selective compound

of

Cryptococcus neoformans in dried pigeon poop

A

Creatinine

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13
Q

Which serotype of Cryptococcus neoformans

is associated with

eucalyptus tree?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii

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14
Q

What is the usual route of transmission of

Cryptococcus neoformans?

A

respiratory route

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15
Q

Mxyomatous masses

are masses with high numbers of yeast and low numbers of inflammatory cells are seen in the pathogensis of

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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16
Q

Infections of Cryptococcus neoformans

often localize in what part of the body?

A

CNS

17
Q

In what animal does infection by Cryptococcus neoformans (coccidiosis)

never advance past regional lymph nodes?

A

CATTLE

18
Q

CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES

are important immunologic aspects causing immune paralysis, complement depletion, and antibody masking

in

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

infection

19
Q

Defense against *Cryptococcus neoformans *

is

_________ but mostly ________

A

humoral, but MOSTLY cell-mediated

20
Q

T/F

Vaccines are available to treat cryptococcal infections

A

FALSE

NO VACCINES are available to treat infections by

Cryptococcus neoformans

21
Q

Which stain is used to diagnose

*Cryptococcus neoformans *

which appears as

gram positive?

A

INDIA INK

22
Q

What is special about the culturing of

*Cryptococcus neoformans *

A

NO cyclohexamide in media

and

urease activity is present

23
Q

What is the treatment of choice for

dogs and cats

affected by

*Cryptococcus neoformans *

A

Fluconazole

and cleaning surfaces with LIME solution

24
Q

M. pachydermatis is the ONLY species of the 7 species of Malassezia

that is ________

A

*M. pachydermatis *

is the only one that is

lipophilic

and DOES NOT require lipids to grow

25
Q

T/F

M. pachydermatis is

sensitive to heat

A

FALSE

M. pachydermatis is sensitive to COLD

26
Q

What is the method of transmission of *M. pachydermatis *?

A

*M. pachydermatis *

is an

opportunistic fungi

because it is normally found on the skin of healthy animals

27
Q

West Highland White Terriers are especially susceptible to what diseases associated with

M. pachydermatis ?

A

SEBORRHIC DERMATITIS

and

epidermal dysplasia

in Westies

28
Q

What kind of yeast looks characteristically like

a bottle or a shoeprint?

A

M. pachydermatis

29
Q

*Candida *is _________

while

*M. pachydermatis *is opportunistic

A

Candida is PARASITIC

30
Q

Which yeast inhabits the mucous membranes of most mammals and birds?

A

Candida albicans

31
Q

​Candida albicans

mainly affects

squamous epithelium

of mucous membranes

A

really? cool!

32
Q

You see whitish pseudomembranous material covering the crop surface in a bird resembling thrush in humans. What is it?

A

​Candida albicans

33
Q

​Candida albicans usually affects the anterior digestive tract of birds. Where does it affect in

pigs and horses?

A

​Candida albicans

affects the

alimentary canal

in pigs and horses

34
Q

Genital infections by ________ can cause

  • abortions*
  • metritis*

and

infertility

in HORSES

A

​Candida albicans

35
Q

_________

is only really seen in

calves under intensive antibiotic care

A

​Candida albicans

36
Q

​Candida albicans can cause

______ ______

in the digestive and genital tracts

of dogs and cats

A

ulcerative lesions

37
Q

What are the main immunological defenses against

candidiosis?

A

neutrophils and macrophages

38
Q

How do you treat and prevent

​Candida albicans

in poultry?

A

Put copper sulfate in their water

39
Q

How is ​Candida albicans treated in

dogs and cats?

A

Using fluconazole

Bacteriology Practice Questions (16 decks)

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