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Bacteriology Practice Questions > Test 1: Systemic Mycoses > Flashcards

Test 1: Systemic Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

The agent of most systemic mycoses is

A

saprophytic fungi

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2
Q

Systemic mycoses

infection is usually by the

______

route

A

respiratory (inhalation)

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3
Q

T/F

Systemic mycoses is contagious

A

FALSE

systemic mycoses is NOT contagious

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4
Q

Most lesions caused by a systemic mycoses are

A

pyogranulamatous

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5
Q

What are the 5 fungi that can cause

systemic mycoses?

A
  • Histoplasma capsulatum*
  • Blastomyces dermatides*
  • Paracoccidiodes brasilensis*
  • Coccidiodes immitis*
  • Penicillum marneffei*
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6
Q

Coccidiodes is a dimorphic fungi

with its *saprophytic phase *in _______

and its

parasitic phase in _______

A

Saprophytic phase in soil

Parastitic phase in tissue

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7
Q

Coccidiodomycosis

is caused by what 2

fungi species?

A

C. immitis

C. posadasii

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8
Q

*Coccidiodomycosis *

caused by

c. immitis and c. posadasii

are ONLY in the

_________ hemisphere

A

WESTERN

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9
Q

Which agent of coccidiodomycosis is found in

the central valley of Cali?

A

C. immitis

is in Cali

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10
Q

Which agent of coccidiodomycosis is found in

Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and S.A.?

A

c. posadasii

in the south

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11
Q

What is the MAIN infected animal of

coccidiodomycosis?

A

DOGS first

horses second

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12
Q

SOWgp is a virulent factor adhesin of what fungi?

A

coccidiodes

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13
Q

Soil with annual rainfall of 5-20 inches

and a mean summer temp of 80F

and winter temp of 45F

is the main reservoir of what fungi?

A

Coccidiodes

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14
Q

_________ of Coccidiodes

resist drying and tolerate heat better than any competing organism.

This has also been bioweaponized

A

ARTHROCONIDIAS

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15
Q

What is the main transmission method of Coccidiodes?

A

Inhalation of Arthroconidias

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16
Q

Pulmonary lesions and osteomyelitis in dogs

is characteristic of what fungal disseminated disease?

A

Coccidiodes

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17
Q

What kinds of dogs are more likely to be affected by

Coccidiodes

causing

pulmonary lesions and osteomyelitis?

A

**Male dogs **ages 4-7

Young boxers and doberman pinschers

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18
Q

Cattle, Sheep, and Swine exhibit what symptoms when infected by Coccidiodes?

A

IT’S A TRICK!

Cattle, Sheep, and Swine infected by

Coccidiodes are

ASYMPTOMATIC

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19
Q

**Coccidiodes immitis **

causes

*granulamatous inflammation *in

________ and _______

A

HORSES and ALPACAS

20
Q

How do you do an immunodiagnosis of

Coccidiodes?

A

Complement fixation and immunodiffusion

21
Q

_________ is used to treat Coccidiodes in humans, but toxicity is a concern

A

Amphotericin B

22
Q

______ and ______ are used to treat

small animals

with Coccidiodes

and toxicity is NOT a concern

A

Ketoconazole and Itraconazole

23
Q

Which 2 species cause

*Histoplasmosis *

in mammals?

A

Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

and

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii

24
Q

Which variety of ​Histoplasma is found ONLY in Africa?

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii

is ONLY in

AFRICA

25
Q

Although ​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is found worldwide,

where is its MAIN reservoir?

A

In the

Mississippi and Ohio River Watersheds

26
Q

Which fungi is associated with

bird poop

and

bat guano?

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

27
Q

Birds are mainly ______ carriers of

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

A

Birds are mainly

passive carriers

of

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

28
Q

Which fungi is known to favor

ALKALINE environments?

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

favors alkalinity

29
Q

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

transmission is mostly by

inhalation of ______ or ________

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

transmission by

inhalation of microconidias or hyphal fragments

30
Q

Which fungi has an

effective cell mediated response that control the multiplication of yeast

in the lungs?

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

31
Q

**Tuberculosis **is a differential diagnosis of early stage infection by

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

32
Q

In DISSEMINATED disease caused by

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

**lymph nodes **and ________ organs are enlarged

and contain gross nodular lesions

A

parenchymatous

33
Q

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

can cause disease in any animal, but it is most prevalent

in dogs ages _________

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

in DOGS ages

2-7

34
Q

Disseminated diseases caused by this fungus are

invariably fatal

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

35
Q

Micro and macroconidias are demonstrated using

lactophenol blue wet mounts

for which fungi?

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

36
Q

Although *relapses *are common,

Itroconazole, Ketoconazole, and Amphotericin B

have been successful in treating

A

​Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum

37
Q

The parasitic phase of this yeast grown in culture at 37C

reproduces by

single buds attached by a broad base

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

38
Q

Blastomycosis

caused by

Blastomyces dermatitidis

is mainly seen where?

A

**in the eastern third of **

NORTH AMERICA

39
Q

Blastomyces dermatitidis

mainly affects humans and dogs

and RARELY affects

______ and ______

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

RARELY affects

cats and horses

40
Q

_____ content in

Blastomyces

is HIGHER

than other fungi

A

LIPID content is HIGHER in

Blastomyces dermatitidis

41
Q

The yeast phase of

Blastomyces dermatitidis

produces

Bad-1 (adhesin virulent factor)

which triggers what?

A

BAD-1

triggers

minimal respiratory burst

42
Q

Which fungal disease is most progressive?

Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, or Blastomycosis?

A

BLASTOMYCOSIS

is

most progessive

43
Q

The most important organ involved in dissemination of

Blastomyces dermatitidis

is

A

SKIN

44
Q

The nodular lesions of

Blastomyces dermatitidis

can be _______-like

A

tubercle-like lesions

45
Q

Young male dogs of sporting breeds

are prone to infection by which fungi

because of the dog’s frequent exposure to this fungi in the environment?

A

Male sporting breed dogs prone to

Blastomyces dermatitidis

46
Q

A hunting dog is seen with a pulmonary infection and draining cutaneous lesions. What is this most likely caused by?

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

47
Q

What treatment is used for infection by

Blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

Itraconazole, Amphitericin B, or Ketoconazole

Bacteriology Practice Questions (16 decks)

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