Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Test 1 Study Guide > Flashcards

Test 1 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of connections join epthelial cells tightly together?

A

junctional complexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_______ trials maximize the number of test participants and include particpants of both sexes, different ethnic groups, and those who have health problems besides the ones the drug is designed to treat.

A

Phase III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Plasma freezes at?

A

-0.56 degrees C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What scientist won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with the digestive system

A

Pavlov

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main three parts of a neuron?

A

Cell body, axons and dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In a postive feedback mechanism, the action of an effector is?

A

increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The Na+/K pump transports __________ into the cell and ________ out of the cell.

A

2 K+ in

3 Na+ out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Osmotic pressure is a measure of the force needed to?

A

stop osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
Which of the following indirectly utilizes energy?
Simple Diffusion
Primary Active Transport
Facilitated diffusion
Secondary active transport
A

Secondary active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of cell signalling occurs through the extracellular matrix to nearby target cells?

A

paracrine signaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is necessary for a target cell to respond to a cell signalling molecule?

A

specific receptor proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Thermoregulation directly involves?

A

eccrine sweat glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The resting membrane potential is closest to the equilibrum potential for?

A

potassium ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Endocrine glands secrete ________ in response to specific stimuli

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much of the total body water content is in the intracellular compartment?

A

67%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An integrating center sends information to an?

A

effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the cateogories of cell signalling molecules?

A

endocrine signalling
synaptic signalling
paracrine signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What protein is present in large amounts in connective tissue proper?

A

collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which type of connective tissue is characterized by a liquid extracellular matrix

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of the steep Na+/K+ gradient across the cell membrane

A

Provides energy for coupled transport
Maintains osmotic pressure
creates electrochemical impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which glucose carrier is activated by either insulin or excerise?

A

GLUT4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why are cells in body organs generally within 100nanometers of a blood capillary?

A

to decrease mean diffusion time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Specialized unicellular glands found in columnar epithelium that secretes mucus are?

A

goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which of the following cells do NOT normally have many aquaporinds in their plasma membranes?

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the ATPase enzyme?

A

hydrolyzes ATP into ADP and Pi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Diffusion _______ the entropy of a solution

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The rate of diffusion is influenced by?

A

the concentration gradient
membrane surface area
membrane permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The transport of molecules out of the urinary filtrate and into the blood is called?

A

reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The study of how disease or injury alters physiological processes is termed?

A

pathophysiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

All glands that secrete into the digestive tract are?

A

exocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A person who is dehydrated will?

A

have increased osmolality that causes thirst
plasma osmolality increases
hypothalimus stimulates release of ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The zygote (fertillized egg) before implantation has the ability to produce all the various types of cells found in the body, this ability is?

A

totipotent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Solutes that cannot freely pass through a membrane are said to be?

A

osmotically active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The transport maximum is related to the property known as?

A

saturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The entire epidermis is replaced every?

A

2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Most cells have resting membrane potential between?

A

-65 mV and -85mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

______ are a class of transmembrane glycoproteins that bind to the components in the extracellular matric thereby acting as adhesion molecules as well as communicating between the cells and the matric.

A

integrins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the primary tissues of the body?

A

epithelium, nervous, muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q 
Carrier proteins display which of the following characteristics?
Saturation
specificity 
competition 
all of the above
A

all of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Which regulatory molecule cannot enter its target cell?

A

both epinephrine and acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Histological examinations of the membrane shows several layers of keratinized flattened tissue. The sample most likely came from?

A

epidermis of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

A cell placed in 10% dextrose solution would>

A

not change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What are examples of exocrine glands?

A

salivary glands
sweat glands
mucous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What glands are responsible for the lubrication of the skin?

A

sebaceous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Cerebral edema would be treated with a(an) ____________ intervenous solution of mannitol.

A

hypertonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Intercalated disks couple ___________ cells both mechanically and electrically

A

cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

True/False:

Desmosomes are a type of junctional complex

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

True/False:

The calcium pump is also an ATPase enzyme

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

True/False:

negative feedback results in a response that opposes that of the original stimulus

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

True/False:

Organs are typically comprised of groupings of the four primary tissues into structural and functional units

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

True/False:

Organs are typically composed of groupings of the four primary tissues into structural and functional units

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

True/False:

The term homeostasis was coined by Walter Cannon to describe the dynamic constancy of the internal enviroment

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

True/False:

Muscle found in association with blood vessels would be striated

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

True/False:

Bacteria are responsible for the characteristic body odor of apocrine sweat

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

True/False:

Intersitial fluid is made from blood plasma and returns to blood plasma

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

True/False:

Diffusion is more rapid in cells with microvilli compared to cells lacking microvilli

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

True/False:

Fat is a type of connective tissue

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

True/False:

A 10% dextrose solution is isotonic to plasma

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

True/False:

Epithelial membranes cover body surfaces and line the cavity of organs

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Physiology comes from what two greek words?

A

physio meaning nature

logos meaning to study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Pharmaceutical drugs are designed to fix physiology when it?

A

deviates from the norm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Animal models are used when?

A

Animals are susceptable to the same disease or malady that humans experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Phase I of a clinical trial involves

A

testing drugs on healthy humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Phase II of a clinical trial involves?

A

some of the population who has disease/disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Phase IV of a clinical trial involves?

A

other potential uses of the drug

and example of this is viagra
originally used for treatment of high blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Phase III of a clinical trial involves?

A

Using populations who have other disorders, both sexes, ethnic groups and approval of the FDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Who was Erasistratus?

A

the 1st physiologist who tried to apply physical laws to how the body functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Who was Galan?

A

the most prominate physiologist of his time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

who was harvey?

A

Discovered that the heart pumps blood through a closed system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Who was Bernard?

A

Came up with Milleu Interior (internal enviroment) maintains constant conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What did Cannon do?

A

Defined homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

dynamic constancy of internal enviroment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Lardstiener discovered?

A

the different blood types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Van Bearing discovered?

A

Antibodies and came up with a serum with antibodies that treated dipthera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Langley studied?

A

the automatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Who disovered insulin?

A

Banting, Best, and Macleod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

The Role of ATP was discovered by?

A

von Szent-Gypgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

changes from normal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the timeline of a negative feedback loop?

A

Stimulus alerts a sensor, which sends message to the integrating center, which then checks to insure change is present. If so the integrating center will send an effector which will institute the change

80
Q

In a negative feedback loop, what step actually effects the change?

A

the effector

81
Q

An example of a negative feedback loop is?

A

A high fever

Body senses fever and induces sweating to drop body temperature, but if body sweats too much hypothermic conditions will be present and body will shiver to warm

82
Q

In a negative feedback loop, whatever the stimulus that began the reaction, the effector will be _______.

A

opposite

83
Q

Negative feedback loops can also be called?

A

Antagonistic factors

84
Q

In a positive feedback loop, the action of the effector __________ the change that stimulated the loop.

A

amplifies

85
Q

An example from the human body of a positive feedback loop is?

A

Ovulation

86
Q

Homeostasis is mantained by ________ mechanisms built into the organs being regulated

A

intrinsic

87
Q

Extrinsic mechanisms are regulated by?

A

nervous and endocrine systems

88
Q

Hormones are?

A

chemical messengers/regulators secreted by endocrine glands in blood

89
Q

Nerves are?

A

innervating, sending electrochemical impulses to target organs, muscles and glands

90
Q

Give an example of the steps of a negative feedback loop for blood glucose/insulin

A

Eating -> raise in blood glucose -> pancreatic islets -> raise in insulin -> raise in cell uptake of glucose -> lowering of blood glucose

91
Q

Histology is?

A

the microscopic study of anatomy

92
Q

Organs are?

A

Anatomical and functional parts of body

93
Q

Systems are?

A

Organs grouped by common function

94
Q

Muscles are?

A

tissues specialized for contraction

95
Q

What type of muscle would this describe?

“voluntary muscle”, striated, tendons attaching to muscle to bone, conciouslly controlled

A

skeletal

96
Q

What type of muscle would this describe?

Striations, non-voluntary, intercalated disks

A

cardiac

97
Q

What type of muscle would this describe?

no striations, non-voluntary, typically lining organs

A

smooth muscle

98
Q

Myofibrils are?

A

fusion of seperate muscle cell fibers

99
Q

__________ cells in heart are much shorter than skeletal forming blanket that covers the heart.

A

Myocardio cells

100
Q

The purpose of intercalated disks are

A

to couple cells both mechanically and electrically

101
Q

Intercalated disks cause a special type of contraction in the heart, what is it?

A

Since the disks couple the myocardial cells, if one cell is stimulated then all will be

Called a “whole hearted contraction”

102
Q

Peristalsis is the?

A

wavelike contractions that push food through GI tract

103
Q

Nervous tissue is made of?

A

neurons and neuroglial cells

104
Q

What is important to remember about neuroglial cells?

A

they do NOT conduct impulses but instead serve as support

105
Q

The neural cell body consists of?

A

metabolic center with nucleus

106
Q

The dendrites of a neuron consist of?

A

branched fibers receiving impluses

107
Q

Axons?

A

send messages

108
Q

What special feature can we observe on the axon?

A

The myelin sheath that covers the axon and speeds up transmission of impulses

109
Q

1 layer of cells is considered what type of tissue?

A

simple

110
Q

Over 1 layer of cells is considered what type of tissue?

A

stratified

111
Q

What is the purpose of skin?

A

to protect the body, keeping moisture in and bad things out

112
Q

What water resistant protein do we find in skin?

A

keratin

113
Q

The epidermis is replaced every?

A

2-3 weeks

114
Q

How often is the epidermis of the stomach replaced?

A

every 2-3 days

115
Q

The epidermis is bound tightly so there is no space for blood vessels, so how is the epidermis nourished?

A

by connective tissues from below the epithelium.

116
Q

How is connective tissue attached to the epithelium?

A

by the basement membrane

117
Q

What are the three types of exocrine glands?

A

simple tubular
simple acinar
simple branched acinar

118
Q

All of the exocrine glands are lined with __________ and give two qualities on why this is so

A

Myoepithelial cells

  • smooth muscle
  • contracts to squeeze acinar pocket
119
Q

An example of a excrine gland would be?

A

lacrimal glands (tear ducts)

120
Q

Sweat glands are a type of?

A

eccrine gland

121
Q

What is the purpose of a sweat gland?

A

to maintain thermoregulation.

When salt solution is secreted, it evaporates on the skin and cools you

122
Q

There is a type of gland found in the underarms and pubic region, what type of gland is this?

A

apocrine

Secretes a protein rich solution that is fed on by bacteria and produces odor

123
Q

Glands within the pancreas secrete

A

digestive enzymes

124
Q

Glands in the liver secrete?

A

bile to emusify fats

125
Q

What are the 3 categories of Connective tissue?

A

Loose areolar
Dense regular connective
Dense irregular connective

126
Q

What type of connective tissue is this describing?
Protein collagen scattered in gel-like brown substance, allowing material to pass through (such as blood vessels and nerves)

A

Loose areolar

127
Q

What type of connective tissue is this describing?
Collagen in this tissue lines up parallel and is packed tightly
normally found in tendons and ligaments

A

Dense regular connective

128
Q

What type of connective tissue is this describing?
Tightly packed collagen, not parallel
normally forms sheath around organs

A

Dense irregular connective

129
Q

___________ is made from chondrocytes, surrounded in cell-like substance providing cushion

A

cartilage

130
Q

The tissue which is the precursor to bone in infants is?

A

Cartilage

131
Q

What type of tissue is this describing?’

Concentric circles around blood vessels which calcify to from a structure called lamellae and is made from osteocytes

A

Bone

132
Q

____ percent of blood volume is plasma

A

50%

133
Q

A structure composed of at least two primary tissues is called?

A

an organ

*Although most are made of 4 types of tissues

134
Q

A zygote is a fertilized egg that begins to divide into 3 germ layers. What are they?

A

Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm

135
Q

Totipotient means that?

A

cells can produce ALL the different cell types

136
Q

Pluripotient means that?

A

can produce all cells in body except placenta

137
Q

Zygote cells transition from totipotient to pluripotient when?

A

the egg is implanted in uterus

138
Q

Embryonic stem cells are?

A

pluripotient

139
Q

The purpose of adult stem cells is to?

A

maintain and replenish dead cells and are considered multipotient

140
Q

The intracellular fluid contains?

A

67% of water in the body

141
Q

The extracellular fluid contains?

A

33% of the water in the body

142
Q

Within the extracellular matrix-

__________ provides structural support, while the ground substance is made of _______ &________.

A

Within the extracellular matrix-

Protein fibers provides structural support, while the ground substance is made of glycoproteins & proteoglycans

143
Q

What make the transmembrane structures that relay signals between cells and outside, made of glycoproteins, make cells polar and serve as adhesion molecules

A

Integrins

144
Q

Selectively permeably membranes would block what?

A

proteins and nucleic acids

145
Q

What type of protein carrier method would this be?

Lipid-soluble ions through non-specific channels

A

Non-carrier mediated simple diffusion

146
Q

What type of protein carrier method would this be?

Molecules to large to go straight through membrane

A

Carrier mediated Facilitated diffusion

147
Q

What type of protein carrier method would this be?

molecules being transported against concentration gradient

A

Carrier mediated Active transport

148
Q

What type of protein carrier method would this be?

Molecules being transported with concentration gradient,, but from area of low concentration to high

A

Carrier mediated passive transport

149
Q

Where does the energy required for Active transport come from?

A

ATP, created by phosphorolating carrier protein to change conformation

150
Q

What does a solution consist of?

A

a solvent (normally water) and a solute (molecule dissolved in solvent)

151
Q

What is net diffusion?

A

net direction of diffusion going from an area of high concentration to an area of low solute concentration

152
Q

What does ‘mean diffusion time’ mean?

A

average time

153
Q

Ion channels can be?

A

open or gates

154
Q

What influences the rate of diffusion

A

magnitude of concentration difference (driving force of diffusion)
Permeability of membrane
Temperature (higher temps increase rate)
Surface area (more surface area=more diffusion)
Thickness of membrane

155
Q

The diffusion of solvent and NOT solute has a special term: What is it?

A

osmosis

156
Q

For osmosis to occur, you must have?

A

a solute concentration gradient on either side of membrane

157
Q

A high solute concentration would require what type of osmotic pressure?

A

a high osmotic pressure

158
Q

What is a mol?

A

a measurement of molecular eight of a compound in grams

159
Q

What are the # of atoms in one mol?

A

6.02 x 10^23

160
Q

Do biologists use moles or molal?

A

molal

161
Q

Why do biologists use molal?

A

because 1 molal= 1 mol in 1 liter of solvent

162
Q

Each mol of solute is going to depress the Freezing point by _______?

A

-1.86 C

163
Q

How do you find the osmolality of blood plasma?

A

-.056/-1.86 = .305m

164
Q

The two types of IV bags in a hospital are?

A

1) 0.9g NaCl/100ml water ——> saline

2) 5% dextrose=5g glucose/100ml h20

165
Q

What is tonicity?

A

effect of a solution on the osmosis of water

166
Q

What does tonicity take into account?

A

the permability of a membrane

Hypoosmotic/hyperosmotic

167
Q

Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus (neurons) detect increases in plasma osmolality trigger:

A

Thirst

Decreases amount of H20 in urine

168
Q

How does the hypthalamus decrease amount of H20 in urine?

A

mechanically=produces more nerve impulses
activates tract of axons in the posterior pituitary to release anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) which causes the kidneys to hold on to water to decrease urination

169
Q

What are the different types of carrier proteins?

A

Specific (only let one molecule through)

competition (if they allow more than 1)

170
Q

What is the saturation point?

A

transport maximum-max rate where a substance can be transported across a plasma membrane

171
Q

How does glucose cross the plasma membrane?

A

using facilitated diffusion via carrier proteins called GLUT isoformers

172
Q

What are the carrier proteins that glucose uses to cross the plasma membrane

A

GLUT1-central nervous system
GLUT2-pancreatic beta cells (insulin) and hepatocytes of the liver
GLUT3-neurons
GLUT4-adipocytes and skeletal muscle fibers

173
Q

What type of GLUT is associated with insulin or exercise?

A

GLUT4

174
Q

All cells extrude ________.

A

calcium

175
Q

intracellular Ca+ concentrations _________ to ________ times less than extracellular Ca concentrations

A

1000 to 10000

176
Q

What do the epithelial linings of kidneys and small intestines do in regards to glucose?

A

move glucose against it’s concentration gradient using the hydrolysis of ATP

177
Q

Calcium is pumped out of cells into where?

A

the ER of striated muscle cells

178
Q

Na+ is greatest ________ and K+ is greatest _______.

A

Na+ is greatest outside the cell and K+ is greatest inside the cell

179
Q

Coupled transport (also referred to as secondary active transport) does what?

A

transports an ion down its concentration gradient while transporting another molecule against its concentration gradient, but does not use ATP

180
Q

_________ is indirectly aquired by using the Na+/K+ pump

A

energy

181
Q

If both molecules are moving in the same direction what type of transport is this called?

A

cotransport or symport

182
Q

If both molecules are moving in opposite directions what type of transport is this called?

A

countertransport or antiport

183
Q

The process of transporting digestion products across epithelium into blood is called?

A

absorption

184
Q

What is transcellular transport?

A

materials moved through cytoplasm of epithelial cells

185
Q

What is paracellular transport?

A

the diffusion and osmosis in tiny spaces between epithelial cells

186
Q

What are the three different junctional complexes?

A 
zonula occulens 
zonula adherens (adherens junctions) 
Macula adherens (desmosome)
187
Q

zonula occulens are?

A

very tight protein strands that bind cytoskeleton together

188
Q

zonula adherens (adheren junctions) are?

A

proteins glued together that spane both membranes

189
Q

Macula adherens are?

A

buttoned together desomsomal proteins that interact with each other

190
Q

The negatively charges molecules inside the cell (anions) attract?

A

positively charged cations

191
Q

The inside of the cell has what type of charge compared to the outside?

A

more negatively charged

192
Q

The magnitude of the difference in charge=potential charge is measured in?

A

volts

193
Q

What is a membrane potential?

A

the extent to which each ion contributes to the potential difference across the membrane

194
Q

What is the main determinant of membrane potential?

A

K+

195
Q

What is the equilibrum potential of K+?

A

-90mv

196
Q

What is the equilibrum potential of Na+?

A

+66mv

Physiology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions