the period of development between childhood and adulthood - starts at 11 or 12 over by 18 or 19 - divided into 3 smaller groups

Test 1/21 Flashcards by Michelle Torres

What is adolescence?

the period of development between childhood and adulthood

starts at 11 or 12 over by 18 or 19
divided into 3 smaller groups

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3 groups of adolescents

Early Adol. (ages 11 to 14)
Middle Adol. (ages 14 to 16)
Late Adol. (ages 16 to 19)

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Puberty

time of sexual maturation

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Hormones

chemicals that control body growth, emotional responses, and physical changes, and responsible for sexual maturation

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Adrenal Glands

produces adrenaline, secretes the stimulation hormone

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Gonads Glands

Sex glands

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Pituitary Glands

secretes the growth hormone

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Changes (M VS F)

M:
-noticeable voice changes
-dev of facial hair/thicker body hair
F:
-breast dev
-start of menstruation

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Other effects of hormones

-acne
-increased perspiration
(can cause embarrassment for young adults)

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Growth spurts

a rapid increase in growth during puberty (can earlier w females)

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Early Maturer

someone who’s physical development is one and one half years or more ahead of average dev

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Late Maturer

someone whose physical dev is one and one half years more behind average dev

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Effects of early boy maturers

-high self esteem

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Effects of late boy maturers

-low self esteem

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Effects of early girls maturers

-low self esteem

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Effects of late girl maturers

-high self esteem

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Crowds

large groups w/ loose rules and changeable membership

-shared interests/dress style

Pros of cliques

someone has your back

- sense of stability

Cons of cliques

no new friends

- Queenbee

Cliques

very tight group w/ limited membership and strict rules

Gangs

rebellious, antisocial group w strict rules; not connected w accepted school or social organizations

Early Ad. vs Late Ad.

need to conform to a group is strongest in early

- need to conform to a group declines as teenager continues through ad.

Eating disorders

conditions in which a person cannot read the boys nutritional signals and eats or refuses to eat for the wrong reasons

Anorexia

Preoccupation w dieting and thinness leading to excessive weight loss

Bulimia

Compulsive overeating w purging

Pica

eating non nutritional objects

Physical dangers of anorexia

- irregular heartbeat - lack of menstrual period - dehydration. kidney stones/kidney fails - lanugo/fine body hair that develops to keep body hair warm - muscle atrophy - bowel irratation/constipation - osteoporosis as result of calcium loss

Warning signs of anorexia

- significant weight loss - distorted body image - fear of weight gain - exercise alone

Warning signs of Bulimia

- types of cancer - diabetes - gall bladder disease - heart disease/high blood pressure - high cholesterol

Treatment for eating disorders

- hospitalization - medication - dental work - counseling

Erik Erikson

believed there was psychosocial crisis during each stage

james marcia

1. identity foreclosure 2. diffusion 3. moratorium 4. achievement

eriksons stages of psychosocial dev

1. trust vs mistrust (birth to 1) 2. autonomy vs shame/doubt (1 to 2) 3. Initiative vs guilt (3 to 5) 4. industry vs inferiority (6 to puberty) 5. identity vs role confusion (ad) 6. intimacy vs isolation (early adulthood) 7. generativity vs stagnation (mid adh) 8. integrity vs despair (elder)

james marcia foreclosure

definite commitment, no searching

james marcia negative identity

identity that results from bad self image

james marcia diffusion

uncertainty about self | no commitment, no searching

james marcia moratorium

delay in decision making/commitment | no comm, but searching

james marcia achievement

good image of self | -firm comm, experiences soul searching

rite of passage

society recognizes that adulthood is reached

juvenile delinquency

repeated violations of the law by those aged 17 | & younger

ways to communicate

- good timing - be direct - no blame game - no bringing up history