Psych Test 5/23 Flashcards
DSM
Diagnostic statistical manual of mental illness
Published 2013
Lists symptoms of mental illness not cause
What causes Mental illness
Deviant, Distressful Dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings or behaviors
Anxiety disorders
Disorders whose major symptom is anxiety
GAD
OCD
Anxiety
Generalized feeling of a apprehension and pending disaster
Signs of anxiety disorder
Palm sweat Throat closes Breathing is a Erratic Heart pounds Hands tremble
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
2/3 are women
- Symptoms must occur for 6 months
- Must include chronic anxiety not associated with a specific situation/object
- trouble sleeping, Hypervigilant/tense, difficulty concentrating and irritable most of the time
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by both repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and ritualized repetitive behavior (complusion)
* no longer listed as anxiety disorder
-thought to result from faulty attempt to resolve anxiety, guilt or insecurity
-can be result of a detect in the amount of
some brain chemicals
OCD compulsions (diff ways)
Hoarders
Counters
Checkers
Cleaners
Panic Disorders
Frequent and overwhelmed attacks of anxiety not associated with specific objects or events
- Physical/chemically wrong
- The first panic is not attached to anything specific
- panic eventually spreads & person limits their activities for fear of having an attack
Phobic disorder
Person becomes disabled and overwhelmed by fear in the presence of object/event
Types of phobia
Specific phobia
Agoraphobia
Specific phobia
Centers on particular object
Faced with the object of fear the person becomes extremely anxious
Agoraphobia
The fear of leaving familiar environment aka Home
Fear of open places
Symptoms of panic disorder
Heart palpitations Shortness of breath Choking sensations Trembling Dizzyness
Post traumatic stress disorder
Condition checkered by horrifying event
Unwanted, distressing memories of the event
4 symptoms of depression
Not functioning
Lack of appetite
Depressed moods
Long period of being sad/happy
Loss of interest
Mood disorder
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extreme
Bipolar
Individual goes from states of mania to depressive states
Symptoms of mania
-mood changes •long period feeling high or overly happy •extreme irritability -behavioral change •talk fast •restless/little sleep
Dysthymic disorder
Mild but longterm (chronic) form of depression
Symptoms of dysthymia
Last at least 2 years of longer
Sadness/feeling down
Irritability
Low self esteem
Major depression
Signs must last two or more weeks
Not caused by drugs or medical condition
Depression statistics
Phobia is more common but depression is number one reason for mental health care
Women suffer more often
Dissociative disorder
Disorder in which memory of a part of one’s life become disconnected
- amnesia
- fugue
- dis identity dis
Amnesia
Dissociative disorder in which traumatic events seem to disappear for memory
- events are still in person but cut off from consciousness
- selective forgetting: forgetting only things that are very Traumatic
Fugue
Dissociative disorder in which person forgets his current life and starts new one
More men than women
Caused by stressful events
Dissociative identity disorder (DID)
Divide yourself into multiple personalities
Result of trauma
Not Schizophrenics
Somatoform disorder
Suffers from some form of physical illness when theres NO REAL CAUSE for illness to occur
2 types of somatoform
Hypochondrias
Conversion disorder
Hypochondrias
Somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
Many see doctors for diagnosis
Conversion disorder
Anxiety appears converted to a physical symptom that has no reasonable neurological basis
- loss of eyesight
- paralysis
- inability to swallow
Schizophrenia
Not in touch w reality 1 in 100 Appear suddenly or gradually Shows during young adulthood Men earlier, slight more often and severe
Symptoms of schizophrenia
Speak in disorganized n deluded ways Hallucinations Delusions Inappropriate emotions Flat affect
Types of schizophrenia
Paranoid: believe A person is plotting against him or family member
Catatonic: bizarre movements
Undifferentiated: when symptoms don’t fit other subtypes
Possible causes of schizo
Dopamine overactivity
Abnormal brain activity +anatomy
Prenatal environment
Genetics
Psychoanalysis
Focus on a patient’s unconscious anxiety and/or conflict by: •Dream interpretation •Free Association -->Saying whatever comes to mind •“Talk Therapy”
Cognitive Therapy
- Talk therapy which helps a patient change irrational, negative thoughts with rational, positive ones
- “Use reason to control emotions”
Group Therapy
- Therapy which more than one person at a time may be treated
- Family Therapy
- Marital Therapy
- Self Help groups such as AA
Biomedical
- Drug Therapy- Use of medicine to relieve psychological symptoms
- Mood tranquilizers
- Anti-depressants
- Anti-anxiety drugs
- Mood Swing drugs
Electroconvulsive Therapy- electrical shock is sent through the brain to try to reduce symptoms
personality disorders:
psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder
Lack of conscious for wrongdoing
Aggressive
•Superficial charm and high intelligence
●Poise, rationality, absence of neurotic anxiety
●Lack of a sense of personal responsibility
●Untruthfulness, insincerity, callousness, manipulativeness
●Antisocial behavior without regret or shame
●Poor judgment and failure to learn form experience
●Inability to establish lasting, close relationships with others
●Lack of insight into personal motivations
Symptoms of borderline personality disorder
Chronic instability in emotions, self-image, and relationships
●Moods are uncontrollable, intense, and fluctuate quickly
•afraid of abandonment
Seeks reassurance and definition from others
●Characterized by self-destructiveness
Which sex suffers more of borderline personality disorder
Women
Psychologist vs psychiatrist
Psychiatrists prescribe medicine
Symptoms of PTSD
- nightmares
- flashbacks
- negative feelings about self n others
- feelin emotionally numb
- irritability/agressiveness
Behavioral Therapy
- Use the principles of learning to “unlearn” undesired behavior
- Systematic Desensitization- increases the patient’s anxiety and gradually counters it with relaxation
- Averse Conditioning- unpleasantness is associated with acts a patient wants to avoid
- Token economy- rewards for desired acts are accumulated through tokens
Humanistic Therapy
- Emphasize the patient’s self worth and empower him/her to heal themselves with some assistance
- “Person is his or her own therapist”
