Terminology A7-A-8 Flashcards
Electron
A negatively charged particle
Enzyme
A protein compound that speeds up or slows down a chemical reaction.
Ergometer
An apparatus or device, such as a treadmill or stationary bicycle that can be used for measuring the physiological effects of exercise.
Essential Hypertension
Abnormally high blood pressure in humans that has no known cause and, therefore no known cure.
Eupnea
Normal respiration rate and rhythm
Evaporation
The loss of heat resulting from changing a liquid to a vapor
Exercise
Any activity involving the generation of force by the activated muscle(s)
Exercise Intensity
A specific level of muscular activity that can be quantified in terms of power, the opposing force, pace, and velocity.
Exercise-Recovery
The performance of light exercise during recovery from exercise
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
The maximal volume of air that can be expired from end-expiration.
Extracellular
Outside the cell
Extrasystole
An extra heartbeat
Fast Comoponent
The initial, rapid decline in oxygen consumption at the start of recovery from exercise.
Fast-Twitch
A muscle fiber characterized by fast contraction, and high anaerobic capacity, with low aerobic capacity.
FT Oxidative-Glyclyotic
A type of muscle fiber that is fast contracting and has a high power output (glycolysis).
FT Glycolytic
A type of muscle fiber that are fast contracting with a high power output, but the poorest endurance.
Fat
A compound consisting of Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon Atoms. They are not water soluble.
Fat-Fee Weight
The weight of body tissue WITHOUT the fat component.
Fatigue
A state of discomfort and decreased efficiency.
Fatty Acid
A chain of carbons linked together and surrounded by a hydrogen atom.
Fiber to Nerve Ratio
The number of muscle cells in a motor unit in relationship to the motor neuron’s axon that is innervating it.
Relationship between motor unit cells and motor neurons axons.
Fibillation
Irregularity in force and rhythm of the hear.
Field Test
Any test that can be administered anywhere.
Flexibility
The range of motion that a particular joint can move through.
Flexometer
An instrument used for measuring the ROM about a joint
Flow Meter
An instrument used for measuring the range of motion about a joint
Foot-Pound
A work unit- that is, the application of a one pound force through a distance of one foot.
Force
That which changes or tends to change the state of rest or motion of an object
Free Weight
An object of known mass, not attached to a supporting structure.
Frequency
The number of times something is repeated.
Gluconeogensis
The assembly of a carbohydrate from a non-carbohydrate source such as fat or protein
Glucose
A simple sugar C6H12C6
Glycemic Index
A carbohyradte scale. It measures the elevation of blood glucose associated with the ingestion of 50g of any carbohydrate food.
Glycogen Sparring
The diminished usage of glycogen that results when fat is available as a fuel for exercise.
Glycogen
A polymer of glucose; the form in which glucose is stored in the body.
Glycogen-Loading
An exercise-diet procedure that elevates muscle glycogen stores to concentrations 2-3 times.
Glycogenesis
The manufacturer of glycogen from glucose.
Glycogenolysis
The breakdown of glycogen to glucose
Glycolysis
The incomplete chemical breakdown of glycogen. End of pyruvic acid
Gradation
The ability of muscles to produce forces of varying strengths.
Growth Hormone
A hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates growth and development
H-Zone
The area in the center of the A band where the cross-bridge are absent.
Half-Reaction Time
Method of estimating speed at which a chemical or physiological reaction change occurs.
Heart Attack
The blocking of blood flow to a portion of the heart muscle.
Heart Rate
The frequency or number of times per minute that the heart beats.
