Chapter 2 Flashcards
The basic function of the cardiovascular system?
The delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body and to aid in the elimination of waste products from the cells.
Important roles of the cardiovascular system
1: Transport and exchange of oxygen and nutrients
2: Transport and exchange of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products
3: Transport of hormones and other molecules
The CV has three main parts
A pump (heart), System of tubes (blood vessels) and a fluid medium (blood)
The heart has _ chambers?
The heart has 4 chambers
2 atria acting as receiving chambers
2 ventricles acting as pumping chambers
The heart has _ valves
4 valves ensuring one way flow.
The _ is a membranous sac guarding the heart
Pericardium
The left side of the heart pumps blood
The right side of the heart pumps blood
Left: pumps oxygenated blood to all tissues of the body through the systemic circulation.
Right: pumps deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary circulation where it accepts oxygen and unloads carbon dioxide to be released to the environment.
The cardiac cycle
Consist of a relaxation phase termed diastole and an active phase termed systole. Each cycle represents one heart beat.
Contractility refers to?
Refers to how forceful the heart contracts
Target Heart Rate
A predetermined heart rate that a subject tries to attain during exercise
Pulse Pressure
The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures
Blood pressure
-Is controlled by the
Force per unit area
Baroreceptors and Bainbridge Reflex
Viscosity
Friction that occurs as a result of the molecules sliding over each other.
Baroreceptors
Respond to stretch when pressure changes.
The Bainbridge reflex
is caused by changes in blood volume.
