Terminology A5-A6 Flashcards
A fat-like compound found only in animal tissue, although it can be synthesized by the liver from saturated fats
Cholesterol
A way to group data. One should always investigate the original studies or actual data that such tables are drawn from.
Classification Tables
Muscle action in which the ends of the muscles are drawn closer together
Concentric Contraction
Augmentation of the energy capacity of muscle through an exercise program
Conditioning
The transfer of heat between objects of different temperatures in direct contact with each other
Conduction
Exercise performed to completion without relief periods
Continuous Work
The force of contraction of the heart; also, the ability of a muscle to shorten in response to a stimulus.
Contractility
The transfer of heat from one place to another by the motion of a heated substance.
Convection
A multiplier used to adjust data for a specific circumstance
Correction Factor
Conditions of the heart that compromise blood flow through the coronary arteries causing ischemic symptoms, spasms, and infarctions
Coronary Heart Disease
The standard against which other test are measured
Criteria Test
The theory that strengthening one region of the body will have a positive effect on another part of the body.
Cross-Training
Cell fluid that makes the inside of the cells
Cytoplasm
This law states that partial pressure of a gas in a mixture remains constant and each particular gas will act independently of the others
Dalton’s Law
The excessive loss of body water
Dehydration
Pain and stiffness that occurs 1 to 2 days after a performance which is uncommon to the performer
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)
Density
The mass per unit volume of an object
A positive change away from the resting membrane potential of neural or muscle cells; loss of semipermeability and inrushing
Depolarization
The resting phase of the cardiac cycle
Diastole
The minimal pressure existing in the arteries
Diastole Blood Pressure
The amount of blood that fills the ventricle during diastole
Diastolic Volume
The random movement of molecules due to their kinetic energy
Diffusion
The travelling impulse seen on an EKG; sort of an encapsulated pair of traveling opposite charges, with the positive charge leading
Dipole
Double sugars such as sucrose and maltose
Disaccharides
An experimental protocol in which neither the investigators nor the subjects know which group is receiving a placebo and actual treatment
Double Blind Study
The opposition or resistance of a joint to motion; forces opposing movement during the full ROM
Dynamic Flexibility
An instrument used to measure muscular strength
Dynamometer
Labored breathing
Dyspnea
Muscle action in which a force external to the muscle overcomes the muscle force and the ends of the muscle are drawn further apart
Eccentric Contraction
An anthropometric body type characterized by fragility, and delicacy
Ectomorph
The ratio of work output to work input expressed as a percentage
Efficiency
The percentage of the left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) that is ejected from the heart
Ejection Faction
The ability of a muscle to return to resting length after being stretched
Elasticity
The capacity for producing electrical effects, such as an electric current, between two bodies
Electrical Potential
A recording of the electrical activity of the heart
Electrocardiogram (EG)
A substance that ionizes in solution such as salt (NaCl) and is capable of conducting an electrical current
Electrolyte
Photographs of tissues, magnified thousands of times by an electron microscope
Electron Micrographs
A clot or other plug, transported by the blood from a blood vessel and lodging in a different and usually smaller one; thus obstructing circulation
Embolus; Emboli (plural)
An organ or gland that produces an internal secretion (hormone)
Endocrine Gland
A particular anthropometric body type characterized by roundness and softness of the body
Endomorphy
The time limit of a person’s ability to maintain either an isometric force, or a specific power level involving combinations of concentric and/or eccentric muscle actions.
Endurance
The maximal amount of energy that can be liberated by a particular metabolic system.
Energy Capacity
A concept that energy is primarily provided by a specific metabolic system or a combination of systems.
Energy Continuum
One of three metabolic systems involving a series of chemical reactions resulting in the formation of waste products and the manufacture of ATP
Energy System
The capacity of producing force, performing work, or generating heat
Energy
A catalyst. Accelerates the speed of a chemical reaction without itself being changed by the reaction
Enzyme
An instrument used to record the electrical activity in an active muscle
Electromyography
