Terminology A5-A6

Question 1

A fat-like compound found only in animal tissue, although it can be synthesized by the liver from saturated fats

Answer 1

Cholesterol

Question 2

A way to group data. One should always investigate the original studies or actual data that such tables are drawn from.

Answer 2

Classification Tables

Question 3

Muscle action in which the ends of the muscles are drawn closer together

Answer 3

Concentric Contraction

Question 4

Augmentation of the energy capacity of muscle through an exercise program

Answer 4

Conditioning

Question 5

The transfer of heat between objects of different temperatures in direct contact with each other

Answer 5

Conduction

Question 6

Exercise performed to completion without relief periods

Answer 6

Continuous Work

Question 7

The force of contraction of the heart; also, the ability of a muscle to shorten in response to a stimulus.

Answer 7

Contractility

Question 8

The transfer of heat from one place to another by the motion of a heated substance.

Answer 8

Convection

Question 9

A multiplier used to adjust data for a specific circumstance

Answer 9

Correction Factor

Question 10

Conditions of the heart that compromise blood flow through the coronary arteries causing ischemic symptoms, spasms, and infarctions

Answer 10

Coronary Heart Disease

Question 11

The standard against which other test are measured

Answer 11

Criteria Test

Question 12

The theory that strengthening one region of the body will have a positive effect on another part of the body.

Answer 12

Cross-Training

Question 13

Cell fluid that makes the inside of the cells

Answer 13

Cytoplasm

Question 14

This law states that partial pressure of a gas in a mixture remains constant and each particular gas will act independently of the others

Answer 14

Dalton’s Law

Question 15

The excessive loss of body water

Answer 15

Dehydration

Question 16

Pain and stiffness that occurs 1 to 2 days after a performance which is uncommon to the performer

Answer 16

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Question 17

Density

Answer 17

The mass per unit volume of an object

Question 18

A positive change away from the resting membrane potential of neural or muscle cells; loss of semipermeability and inrushing

Answer 18

Depolarization

Question 19

The resting phase of the cardiac cycle

Answer 19

Diastole

Question 20

The minimal pressure existing in the arteries

Answer 20

Diastole Blood Pressure

Question 21

The amount of blood that fills the ventricle during diastole

Answer 21

Diastolic Volume

Question 22

The random movement of molecules due to their kinetic energy

Answer 22

Diffusion

Question 23

The travelling impulse seen on an EKG; sort of an encapsulated pair of traveling opposite charges, with the positive charge leading

Answer 23

Dipole

Question 24

Double sugars such as sucrose and maltose

Answer 24

Disaccharides

Question 25

An experimental protocol in which neither the investigators nor the subjects know which group is receiving a placebo and actual treatment

Answer 25

Double Blind Study

Question 26

The opposition or resistance of a joint to motion; forces opposing movement during the full ROM

Answer 26

Dynamic Flexibility

Question 27

An instrument used to measure muscular strength

Answer 27

Dynamometer

Question 28

Labored breathing

Answer 28

Dyspnea

Question 29

Muscle action in which a force external to the muscle overcomes the muscle force and the ends of the muscle are drawn further apart

Answer 29

Eccentric Contraction

Question 30

An anthropometric body type characterized by fragility, and delicacy

Answer 30

Ectomorph

Question 31

The ratio of work output to work input expressed as a percentage

Answer 31

Efficiency

Question 32

The percentage of the left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) that is ejected from the heart

Answer 32

Ejection Faction

Question 33

The ability of a muscle to return to resting length after being stretched

Answer 33

Elasticity

Question 34

The capacity for producing electrical effects, such as an electric current, between two bodies

Answer 34

Electrical Potential

Question 35

A recording of the electrical activity of the heart

Answer 35

Electrocardiogram (EG)

Question 36

A substance that ionizes in solution such as salt (NaCl) and is capable of conducting an electrical current

Answer 36

Electrolyte

Question 37

Photographs of tissues, magnified thousands of times by an electron microscope

Answer 37

Electron Micrographs

Question 38

A clot or other plug, transported by the blood from a blood vessel and lodging in a different and usually smaller one; thus obstructing circulation

Answer 38

Embolus; Emboli (plural)

Question 39

An organ or gland that produces an internal secretion (hormone)

Answer 39

Endocrine Gland

Question 40

A particular anthropometric body type characterized by roundness and softness of the body

Answer 40

Endomorphy

Question 41

The time limit of a person's ability to maintain either an isometric force, or a specific power level involving combinations of concentric and/or eccentric muscle actions.

Answer 41

Endurance

Question 42

The maximal amount of energy that can be liberated by a particular metabolic system.

Answer 42

Energy Capacity

Question 43

A concept that energy is primarily provided by a specific metabolic system or a combination of systems.

Answer 43

Energy Continuum

Question 44

One of three metabolic systems involving a series of chemical reactions resulting in the formation of waste products and the manufacture of ATP

Answer 44

Energy System

Question 45

The capacity of producing force, performing work, or generating heat

Answer 45

Energy

Question 46

A catalyst. Accelerates the speed of a chemical reaction without itself being changed by the reaction

Answer 46

Enzyme

Question 47

An instrument used to record the electrical activity in an active muscle

Answer 47

Electromyography