Chapter 5

Question 1

Isotonic literally refers to “same ___”?

Answer 1

Same Tension

The resistance is constant, such as barbell curl.

Question 2

Isometric means “same ____”?

Answer 2

Same Length

The length of the muscle under tension remains constant. There is no visible lengthening or shortening

Question 3

Isokinetic implies the “same ____”?

Answer 3

Same Speed
Resistance changes, but not the velocity
R changes, V remains constant

Question 4

The force produced when a muscle contracts on an object is the? And occurs when ___ & ____ interact

Answer 4

Tension

Actin and Myosin interact

Question 5

External force=

and is the opposite of ____

Answer 5

The load, which is the opposite of tension.

Question 6

For any given muscle or muscle cell, the amount of force that can be produced depends upon both neural and mechanical factors.

Answer 6

For any given muscle or muscle cell, the amount of force that can be produced depends upon both neural and mechanical factors.

Question 7

In general, isometric exercises increases strength only at a specific joint angle.

Answer 7

In general, isometric exercises increases strength only at a specific joint angle.

Question 8

True or False: Isometrics may increase ROM by recruiting muscle fibers not utilized in dynamic exercises?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Muscle cells generate tension through the?

Answer 9

Actin and Myosin cross-bridge

Question 10

Voluntary muscle contraction is caused at the?

Answer 10

Central Nervous System

Question 11

The brain sends signals by the means of action potentials through the nervous system to the motor neuron which innervates on the muscle fibers contracting isotonicly.

Answer 11

The brain sends signals by the means of action potentials through the nervous system to the motor neuron which innervates on the muscle fibers contracting isotonicly.

Question 12

Concentric contractions occur when the muscle shortens and takes you through a specific ROM against a fixed resistance

Answer 12

Concentric contractions occur through a specific ROM against a fixed resistance

Question 13

Two characteristics of eccentric training

Answer 13

1: Absolute resistance can be very high relative to the maximum to the muscle’s maximum force generating capacity
2: Absolute muscle tension is independent to lengthening velocity

Question 14

Muscle injury and soreness are associated with?

Answer 14

Eccentric contractions

Question 15

Unlike isokinetic machines, variable resistance machines do not need?

Answer 15

They do not need constant speed.

Force is not constant

Question 16

At certain optimum firing frequencies, maximum muscle tension occurs.

Answer 16

At certain optimum firing frequencies, maximum muscle tension occurs.

Question 17

A single twitch is over in _ ms

Answer 17

175 ms

Question 18

True or False: If greater tension is required, more motor units are recruited?

Answer 18

True. This is a directive of the “size principle”

Question 19

The first of the mechanical factors of muscle contraction is?

Answer 19

Velocity at which shortening occurs. This is a measure of power.