Terminology Flashcards
In relation to Homeostasis, what is Feedback?
Feedback occurs when the controlled variable moves too far from the set point and responses from the body attempt to move the variable back to normal.
In relation to homeostasis, what is feedforward?
Feedforward occurs usually when there is anticipation of an event that will alter a controlled variable, so may consciously or unconsciously do something to minimise the effect.
What is the anatomical position and what are the five main features of the anatomical position?
The anatomical position is a defined reference point for anatomy.
A person in the anatomical position would be... Upright Face forwards Feet together Palms race forwards Remains the same regardless of movement.
What are the three planes and how they divide the body?
Sagittal - Into a left side and a right side
Coronal - Into front and back
Transverse -into top and bottom
Describe Flexion
Flexion is a movement that decreases the angle - fleshy parts of the limb are bought closer together
What is the opposite of Flexion? Describe it.
Extension is a movement that increases the angle - for example extending the arm fully.
What are the two Foot movements and how do they differ?
Dorsiflexion is when toes are lifted/bought towards the face
Plantar-flexion is oppositely when toes are pointing down towards the ground and the heal is raised.
What are abduction and abduction + how are they different?
They are both movements at the joint however, abduction moves the limb away from the midline, whereas seduction moves the limb towards the midline.
What is Circumduction ?
Circumduction is a combination of all four key movements -flexion-abduction-extension-adduction
What is rotation.
Rotation is movement around the long axis of a joint
What is the difference between pronation and supination?
Pronation is where the palm of the hand faces prosterior and supination is where the palm faces anterior and the forearm bones are parallel
What is the difference between inversion and eversion?
Both are foot movements but with inversion the sole of the foot faces the midline and with eversion the sole of the foot turns away from the midline.
Describe what superior and inferior mean.
Superior - when something is above something else
Inferior - when something is below something else
Describe what medical and lateral mean.
Medical - closer to the mid line of the body
Lateral - further away from the midline of the body
What parts of the body do proximal and distal refer to and what do they mean ?
The terms proximal and stay are used when referring to limbs .
Proximal is used to describe something that is closer to the main part of the body (the trunk)
Distal is used to describe something that is further away from the main part of the body
