Lecture 27. Flashcards
Location and function of thyroid gland?
Below taught, anterior and lateral surfaced trachea. Makes and secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin.
Thyroid hormone?
Essential for optimum metabolic activity
Calcitonin?
Hormone involved in calcium homeostasis.
Structure of thyroid gland?
Composed of folliclesr, each surrounded by follicular cells and is the site of thyroid hormone synthesis. c cells lie in clusters between the the follicles and make the hormone calcitonin.
Thyroid hormone structure?
Thyroglobulin ) protein is made in thyroid follicles. Iodine enters follicle cell from and reacts with the tuyosine in thyroglobulin. Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 detach from iodised TGb as needed. Thyroid hormones travel bound to a carrier protein (thyroid binding globulin TBG) to target cells.
Why is iodine important?.
Production of thyroid hormone.
Actions of thyroid hormone?
Growth, alertness, metabolism.
Location of adrenal glands?
Superior to each kidney.
Structure of adrenal glands?
2 glands, adrenal Cortes and adrenal medulla.
Structure of adrenal Cortes?
Outer region has 3 layers which secretes steered hormones.. Outer layer secretes aldosterone, middle layer secretes cortisol, inner lager secretes androgens.
Location and role of adrenal medulla?
Central vegan ot adrenal gland, part of sympathetic nervous system and secretes mainly adrenaline.
What hormones ave involved in calcium regulation?
Parathyroid hormone, calcitrol, calcitonin.
Relationship between plasma calcium and PTH release 7
Decrease in plasma calcium causes increase in PTH release.
Release ot Adrenalin?
Released from adrenal medulla in response to neural signals and causes increased use ort stored steroids.
Features ct adrenaline?
Water soluble, cell membrane receptor, uses a second messenger system, amplification of cellular response, fast.
