Lecture 26 Flashcards
Location of pituitary gland.
Base of brain attached to the hypothalamus.
Role ot hypothalamus?
Controls the secretion ot pituitary hormones. When activated by neural input, the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete hormones.
Structure of pituitary gland?
2 lobes, anterior secretes pituitary hormones, and posterior releases ADH and OXT into the circulation.
What connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland.
Neurons
Posterior pituitary hormones?
Made in the hypothalamus (cell body ct neuron), travel down the arch and are stored at the asan endings until required (peptide hormones)
How are hormones released into blood?
Hypothalamus used neural communication with posterior lobe.
Link between action potentials and hormone release.?
Frequency of action potentials leads to corresponding change in hormone release.
Role of antidiuretic hormone?
Stimulates kidneys to reobsorb water (kidneys conserve water when the body dehydrates)
Role of oxytocin?
Stimulates contraction ot uterine muscles during childbirth. Stimulates milk release in breastfeeding-
What connects the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary lobe?
Blood vessels
Rolect hypothalamic hormones?
Stimulate or inhibit release of stored hormones from specific anterior pituitary cells.
How does the hypothalamus communicate with anterior pituitary lobe?
Neural input, signals the anterior pituitary to release hormones by hormonal stimulation, secreting stored releasing hormones con inhibiting hormones)
How are hormones released from anterior pituitary?
Hormones bind to receptor on membrane of a specific cell type and a specific peptide hormone is secreted.
Direct effects on growth hormone on muscle?
Stimulates protein synthesis (long term) and inhibits cellular uptake of glucose (shortterm)
Direct effects ofGH on liver?
Stimulates glucose synthesis (short term)
