Terminology

Question 1

Define

Histology

Answer 1

Microscopic study of anatomy

cells & tissues

Question 2

Define

Embryology

Answer 2

Study of prenatal development

- Fertilization to birth; Formation and growth of body structures

Question 3

Define

Morphology

Answer 3

Study of shape

Includes anatomy, biological anthropology

Question 4

Define

Comparative anatomy

Answer 4

Study of anatomical homologies and differences within and between animal groups

Question 5

Define

Surface anatomy

Answer 5

Study of the surface projection of anatomical structures

Palpation of bony landmarks; location of muscles/groups

Question 6

Define

Systemic approach to anatomy

Answer 6

Study of individual body systems, irrespective of relationships with structures of other systems

eg. circulatory, nervous, MSK

Question 7

Define

Regional approach to anatomy

Answer 7

Study of all anatomical structures within a specific region of the body

emphasizes 3D and functional relationships between structures

Question 8

Body systems: level of organization

Answer 8

Cells<tissues<organs<systems

Question 9

What discipline of anatomy examines structures from a cellular/tissue level?

Answer 9

Histology

Question 10

What is the study of human development called?

Answer 10

Embryology

Question 11

Describe

Anatomical position

Answer 11

Standing with head & eyes forward, arms by side, palms supinated, legs parallel, toes facing forward

Question 12

Define

Sagittal Plane

Answer 12

Divides body into left and right sections

Question 13

Define

Midsagittal Plane

Median plane

Answer 13

Divides body into equal left and right sections at the midline of body

Question 14

Define

Parasagittal Plane

Answer 14

Divides body into unequal left and right sections

to side of midline

Question 15

Define

Coronal Plane

Answer 15

Divides body into front and back sections

Question 16

Define

Horizontal/Transverse Plane

Answer 16

Divides body into upper and lower sections

Question 17

Define

Superior

Answer 17

Above (cranial)

only axial skeleton

Question 18

Define

Inferior

Answer 18

Below (caudal)

only axial skeleton

Question 19

Define

Anterior

Answer 19

in front of (ventral)

Question 20

Define

Posterior

Answer 20

behind (dorsal)

Question 21

Define

Medial

Answer 21

towards midline

Question 22

Define

Lateral

Answer 22

away from midline

Question 23

Define

Median

Answer 23

AT midline

Question 24

Define

Proximal

Answer 24

closer to torso/origin

only appendicular skeleton

Question 25

# Define Distal

Answer 25

further from torso/origin | only appendicular skeleton

Question 26

# Define Superficial

Answer 26

closer to surface (skin/outside of body)

Question 27

# Define Deep

Answer 27

closer to inside of body

Question 28

# Define Parietal

Answer 28

of the body wall

Question 29

# Define Visceral

Answer 29

of the organs

Question 30

# Define Rostral

Answer 30

toward nasal/oral region, front of brain, toward head (in embryo)

Question 31

# Define Cephalic

Answer 31

of the head

Question 32

# Define Ipsilateral

Answer 32

same side as

Question 33

# Define Contralateral

Answer 33

opposite side as

Question 34

The knee is ____ to the hip

Answer 34

distal

Question 35

The chest is ____ to the back

Answer 35

anterior

Question 36

The umbilicus is ____ to the sternum

Answer 36

inferior

Question 37

The ____ divides the body into equal left and right halves

Answer 37

midsagittal plane

Question 38

Movements in sagittal plane

Answer 38

Flexion Extension

Question 39

# Define Flexion

Answer 39

Decreasing the distance/angle between 2 surfaces

Question 40

# Define Extension

Answer 40

Increasing the distance/angle between 2 surfaces

Question 41

Movements in coronal plane

Answer 41

Abduction Adduction

Question 42

# Define Abduction

Answer 42

away from midline

Question 43

# Define Adduction

Answer 43

toward midline

Question 44

# Define Circumduction

Answer 44

conical movement of a limb | proximal end is apex, distal end moves in circular motion

Question 45

# Define Rotation

Answer 45

pivot around a long axis | in limbs and lateral rotation

Question 46

# Define Pronation

Answer 46

rotation of the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly

Question 47

# Define Supination

Answer 47

rotation of forearm so the palm faces anteriorly

Question 48

# Define Inversion

Answer 48

movement of the sole of the foot towards midline

Question 49

# Define Eversion

Answer 49

movement of sole of foot away from midline

Question 50

# Define Dorsiflexion

Answer 50

upward movement of foot

Question 51

# Define Plantarflexion

Answer 51

downward movement of foot

Question 52

# Define Protrusion/protraction

Answer 52

forward movement

Question 53

# Define Retraction

Answer 53

posterior movement

Question 54

____ moves the medial border of the scapula towards the midline

Answer 54

Retraction

Question 55

on the scapula, subscapular fossa is ____ to the infraspinus fossa

Answer 55

anterior

Question 56

a patient in your office experiences pain in the muscles of the anterior thigh just above the knee. You note the patient has pain ____ to the knee joint

Answer 56

proximal