terminology Flashcards
why does anatomical position exist
to allow doctors and health care professionals to describe body structures in relation to each other in a consistent, standardised way
describe anatomical position
the body is erect with feet together the palms face forward and the thumbs are pointed away from the body
sagittal plane
vertical line dividing the body into a right and left section
midsagittal plane
vertical line dividing the body into equal right and left parts
coronal plane
a vertical line dividing the body into an anterior and posterior section
transverse plane
a horizontal line which divides the body into a superior and inferior section
rostral/cranial
towards the head
caudal
towards the back/tail
bilateral
involving both sides of the body
unilateral
involving one side of the body
ipsilateral
on the same side of the body
contralateral
on opposite sides of the body
parietal
relating to a body cavity wall
visceral
relating to the organs within the body cavities
axial
around a central axis
intermediate
between two structures
right and left
the patients right and left not yours
prone
lying on the stomach
supine/recumbent
lying on the back
trunk
body minus the 4 limbs
median
the midline of the body structure
superficial
nearer the surface of the body or structure
deep/internal
further away from the surface of the body structure
dorsal cavity
spinal and cranial cavities
ventral cavity
thoracic and abdomino-pelvic cavities
abdomino-pelvic cavity
abdominal and pelvic cavities
upper limbs
shoulder
arm
forearm
wrist
hand
lower limbs
gluteal region
thigh
leg
ankle
foot
flexion
decreases the angle between two body parts
pulling two body parts together
extension
increases the angle between two body parts
pulling two body parts away from each other
abduction
movement away from the midline
adduction
movement towards the midline
adduction
movement towards the midline
circumduction
combination of flexion, extension, abduction adduction
medial rotation
rotational movement towards the midline
lateral rotation
rotating movement away from the midline
elevation
movement in a superior direction
depression
movement in an inferior direction
protraction
the forward movement of the shoulder
retraction
the backward movement of the shoulder
pronation
radius rotates over ulna
supination
radius and ulna are parallel
opposition
movement of the thumb and little finger toward eachother
reposition
return to anatomical position
dorsiflexion
extension of the ankle/foot so that the foot points more superiorly
plantarflexion
flexion of the ankle/foot so that the foot points inferiorly
inversion
movement of the sole towards the median plane so that the sole faces a medial direction
eversion
involves the movement of the sole away from the median plane so that the sole faces a lateral direction
