somatic nervous system Flashcards
what is the functional unit of the nervous system
neuron
components of a neuron
cell body
dendrites
and axon
major types of neuron
bipolar, multipolar and pseudounipolar
4 types of neuroglial cells
astrocytes
microglial cells
ependymal cells
oligodendrocytes
what is the myelin sheath made up of
lipid and protein substance
function of myelin sheath
increase velocity of impulse conduction
3 layers protecting nerves
epineurium
perineuim
endoneurium
describe a dermatome
area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
describe a myotome
part of muscle supplied by a single nerve
2 parts of the nervous system
central NS
peripheral NS
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
12 cranial nerves
31 spinal nerves and peripheral ganglia
2 sections of somatic nervous system
motor
sensory
sensory system controls what
pain/touch/temperature/proprioception
somatic motor fibre regulates…..
voluntary control of body via skeletal muscle
somatic sensory fibre transmits….
general sensation to the CNS
damage to the spinal nerve roots cause what loss
sensory or motor
damage to the spinal nerve anterior/dorsal root cause what loss
motor loss
damage to the spinal nerve posterior/dorsal root cause what loss
sensory loss
damage to the spinal nerve causes what loss
both motor and sensory
damage to the spinal nerve rami causes what loss
both motor and sensory
damage to the spinal nerve ventral ramus causes what loss
motor and sensory loss of anterolateral trunk and limbs
damage to the spinal nerve dorsal ramus causes what loss
motor and sensory loss of the back
where does the spinal nerve exit
through intervertebral foramen
the knee jerk is done to assess what
tp test the quadriceps function
damage to lower motor neurons results in what
paralysis or weakness in the affected muscles
damage to lower motor neurons results in what
paralysis or weakness in the affected muscles
a wrist drop may be a sign of
radial nerve injury
extensor weakness
drop foot may be a sign of
damaged nerve supplying the anterior compartment of the leg
winged scapula may be a sign of
damage to the nerve supplying to the serratus anterior
