spinal cord and meninges

Question 1

where does the spinal cord begin

Answer 1

at the medulla oblongata and extends up the L1/L2 level

Question 2

when is spinal cord and vertebral canal length (almost) equal

Answer 2

in fetus (12weeks)

Question 3

what is the conus medullarise

Answer 3

conical inferior end of the spinal cord

Question 4

what is the cauda equina

Answer 4

bundle of spinal nerve roots resembles horse tail

Question 5

what is the filum terminale

Answer 5

continuation of pia mater

Question 6

what is the dural cistern

Answer 6

dilated dural sac, ends at S2 vertebral level

Question 7

spinal nerves exit….

Answer 7

the vertebral canal through intervertebral foramen

Question 8

ventral rami of the spinal nerves form

Answer 8

nerve plexuses that supply the limbs

Question 9

brachial plexus

Answer 9

supplies upper limb

Question 10

lumbosacral plecus

Answer 10

supplies lower limg

Question 11

dorsal root

Answer 11

sensory

Question 12

ventral root

Answer 12

motor

Question 13

outer most layer of meninges

Answer 13

dura mater

Question 14

middle layer of meninges

Answer 14

arachnoid mater

Question 15

inner most layer of meninges

Answer 15

pia mater

Question 16

what is found between the arachnoid and pia mater

Answer 16

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 17

dural sac

Answer 17

terminates at S2 vertebral level and is attached to the tip of the coccyx by filum terminale externum

Question 18

what type of outflow is the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 18

thoracolumbar T1-L2

Question 19

what type of outflow is parasympathetic outflow

Answer 19

craniosacral outflow (cranial outflow from brain and sacral outflow from pelvic splanchinc nerve)

Question 20

deficiency of blood supply to spinal cord causes what

Answer 20

ischemia, muscle weakness and paralysis

Question 21

describe what may cause cord compression

Answer 21

disc prolapse or bone metastasis