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LA Sx Exam 1 > Tendonitis > Flashcards

Tendonitis Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the SDF divide and insert?

A

Divides @ P1 and inserts on P2

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2
Q

Where does the DDF insert?

A

P3

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3
Q

Where does the suspensory ligament originate and insert?

A

O: MC/MT3
I: sesamoid bones

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4
Q

The extensor branch of the SL joins which extensor tendon?

A

Common digital extensor

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5
Q

Contains intrinsic blood supply, nerves, growth factors, and provides elasticity

A

Endotenon

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6
Q

Continguous w/endotenon, surrounds the tendon

A

Epitenon

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7
Q

Surrounds tendons not in a sheath

A

Paratenon

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8
Q

Reduces frictional forces, supplies blood vessels, and repairs elements

A

Paratenon

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9
Q

Graph of how tendons respond to stress

A

Stress-strain curve

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10
Q

How far can a tendon extend before rupture?

A

12-20%

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11
Q

How far can a tendon extend at a walk?

A

3-8%

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12
Q

How far can a tendon extend at a trot?

A

7-10%

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13
Q

How far can a tendon extend at a gallop?

A

12-16%

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14
Q

These structures have limited intrinsic repair

A

Tendons

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15
Q

What is the main type of collagen found in scars?

A

Type 3

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16
Q

Tendons in this location are less effective at healing

A

Tendon sheath

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17
Q

Less elasticity of a tendon increases what?

A

Risk of re-injury

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18
Q

What are 2 mechanisms of over straining?

A

Sudden overload or strain induced

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19
Q

Which mechanism of overstaining is most common?

A

Repetitive microtrauma (strain induced)

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20
Q

How does repetitive microtrauma cause overstraining?

A

Molecular inflammation progressively weakens the tendon

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21
Q

Caused by over-reaching, wire snag, or kicking usually while the tendon is under load

A

Percutaneous trauma

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22
Q

When is percutaneous trauma most serious?

A

Trauma to palmar aspect of pastern/MC

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23
Q

Why is flexor tendon damage more severe than extensor tendon damage?

A

Extensor tendons are not weight bearing

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24
Q

What tendons are most prone to injury?

A

SDFT and SL

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25
Q

When do most tendonitis causes occur?

A

During heel strike or push-off

26
Q

Which tendon is most affected by load on push-off?

A

DDFT

27
Q

What is the most common location for tears in synovial cavities?

A

DDFT (forelimb) and manica flexoria (hindlimb)

28
Q

What are management factors that predispose to tendonitis/desmitis?

A

Increased stress, poor/deep ground, inadequate training, poor hoof care

29
Q

What are anatomical factors that predispose to tendonitis/desmitis?

A

Long sloping pasterns

30
Q

What will you notice on PE that will indicate tendonitis?

A

Bowing of palmar contour of the limb

31
Q

How long is the inflammatory phase of tendonitis?

A

1-2 weeks

32
Q

How is lameness affected during the course of a tendonitis episode?

A

Lame until inflammatory phase passes, then resolves rapidly

33
Q

What is the best modality for diagnosing tendonitis?

A

Ultrasound

34
Q

When is the best time to US a suspected tendonitis?

A

1 week after injury

35
Q

What probe do you use to dx tendonitis?

A

7.5-12mHz linear transducer

36
Q

What will you see in a damaged tendon on US?

A

Loss of normal striated fiber pattern

37
Q

How do you measure the location of the tendonitis lesion so you can track it over time?

A

Measure distance between transducer and accessory carpal bone

38
Q

Where does the DDFT become bi-lobed?

A

level of the fetlock

39
Q

What should you always offer to clients when there is pathology of the foot?

A

MRI

40
Q

How do you treat tendonitis?

A

Rest, controlled exercise, cooling, and support

41
Q

What are the goals of tendonitis treatment?

A

Reduced inflammation, best env for wound to heal, increase tensile strength, decrease risk of re-injury

42
Q

Why should you use cold hydrotherapy for 20min rather than ice?

A

Ice causes reflex vasodilation and can bring inflammation back to the site

43
Q

Reduces inflammation/edema

A

Compression and coaptation

44
Q

What NSAIDs do you use for tendonitis treatment?

A

Phenylbutazone

45
Q

What are non-surgical tendonitis treatments?

A

Intra-lesional injections, shock wave therapy, therapeutic US

46
Q

Provides scaffoling and growth factors to support repair of the tendon

A

PRP (platelet rich plasma)

47
Q

What do you inject into a tendon for intra-lesional therapy?

A

PEP, stem cells, bone marrow

48
Q

Mesenchymal stem cells, progenitor cells, and growth factors that help tissue heal w/less fibrosis

A

Stem cell therapy

49
Q

What is the most ideal non-surgical treatment available for tendonitis at this time?

A

Autologous stem cells

50
Q

Cultured from bone marrow from tuber coxae or sternum

A

Autologous stem cells

51
Q

How do you aspirate bone marrow for an autologous stem cell treatment?

A

Jamshidi

52
Q

Cells derived from adipose tissue from either side of the tail head

A

Stem cells

53
Q

Is adipose stem cells or bone marrow stem cells more effective for tendonitis treatment?

A

Bone marrow stem cells

54
Q

Increases vascularization and growth factors in the area and decreases pain

A

Shock wave therapy

55
Q

What is the goal of shock wave therapy?

A

More “organized” scar at the end of healing

56
Q

What are surgical treatment options for tendonitis?

A

Suturing tendon, superior check desmotomy, annular ligament desmotomy

57
Q

When can you perform a tendon suture?

A

In cases of percutaneous injury

58
Q

Provides support to flexor tendons and the body of the fetlock and does not have the ability to stretch

A

Annular ligament

59
Q

What is the most important component to surgical treatment of tendonitis?

A

Rehabilitation

60
Q

What is the difference in prognosis when using controlled exercise rehabilitation vs. no rehab?

A

71% with vs 25% without

61
Q

Scar tissue has less ______ and less _____ than normal tendon

A

Less elasticity and less strength

LA Sx Exam 1 (17 decks)

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