Tendon Injuries

Question 1

What is the structure of tendon?

Answer 1

Collagen bundles covered by endotenon
Fascicles covered by paratenon
Tendon covered by epitenon

Question 2

What is the blood supply of tendons?

Answer 2

Blood vessels in the paratenon

Question 3

How does tendon degeneration occur?

Answer 3

Intrasubstance mucoid degeneration
Swollen, painful tender
Precursor to rupture

Question 4

How does de Quervains stenosing tenovaginitis present?

Answer 4

Tendons of EPB and APL pass through common tendon sheath at radial wrist
Swollen, tender, hot
Positive Finklestein’s test

Question 5

What is Enthesiopathy?

Answer 5

Inflammation at insertion to bone

Question 6

What is avulsion?

Answer 6

Failure of tendon at insertion

Question 7

How is avulsion treated?

Answer 7

Retration of tendon
Reattachment
Fixation of bone fragment

Question 8

What are the biggest mechanisms of achillies tendon rupture?

Answer 8

Sprint starts/jumping

Unexpected/violent dorsiflexion of ankle

Question 9

How does an achillies tendon rupture present?

Answer 9

Positive Simmond’s (squeeze) test

Palpable tender gap

Question 10

How are tendon ruptures managed?

Answer 10

Mobilise/splint

Opperative management in high risk/activity patients