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*MSK > Children's Orthopaedics > Flashcards

Children's Orthopaedics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common hip abnormalities in 0-5y/os?

A 
Normal variant
Trauma
Transient synovitis
Osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis
DDH
JIA
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2
Q

What are the common hip abnormalities in 5-10y/os?

A 
Trauma
Transient synovitis
Osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis
Legg-Calve
-Perthes disease
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3
Q

What are the common hip abnormalities in 10-15y/os?

A 
Trauma
Osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis
SUFE
Chondromalacia
Neoplasm
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4
Q

What is DDH?

A

Developmental Displasia of the Hip

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5
Q

Incidence of DDH is highest in which groups?

A

Eastern Europe
Native American
Western europe
Girls > Boys

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6
Q

What conditions can increase the incidence of DDH?

A 
First Born
Oligohydramnios
Breech Presentation
Family History
Other lower limb deformities
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7
Q

What are the clinical features of DDH?

A

Ortolani’s Sign
Barlow’s Sign
Piston Motion Sign
Ultrasound

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8
Q

How is DDH managed?

A

Splinting

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9
Q

How does Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease present?

A 
15% bilateral
Primary school age male
Short 
Limp
Knee pain on exercise 
Stiff hip joint
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10
Q

What are the stages of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease?

A

Avascular Necrosis
Fragmentation (revascularisation)
Reossification
Residual deformity

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11
Q

Unilateral Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease shares a differential with what?

A

Septic hip
JIA
SCFE
Lymphoma

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12
Q

Bilateral Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease shares a differential with what?

A

Hypothyroid
Sickle
Epiphyseal
dysplasia

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13
Q

How is Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease treated?

A

Maintain hip motion
Analgesia
Restrict painful activities
Osteotomy in >7

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14
Q

What is the indicator of good prognosis in Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease?

A

Onset <9 y/o

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15
Q

What is SCFE?

A

Slipper capital femoral epiphysis

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16
Q

SCFE is most common in which group?

A

Teenage boys ++

17
Q

What proportion of SCFE becomes bilateral?

A

20%

18
Q

How does SCFE present?

A

Pain in hip or knee
Externally rotated posture & gait
Reduced internal rotation
Plain x-rays

19
Q

What is the cause of SCFE?

A

Displacement of bone through the hypertrophic zone

Metaphysis moves anterior/proximally

20
Q

How is SCFE managed?

A

Surgical fixation

21
Q

SCFE increases the risk of what?

A

Avascular necrosis
Chondrolysis
Deformity
Early osteoarthritis

22
Q

When is Avascular necrosis of increased risk in SCFE?

A

Unstable slips (where the patient cannot weight bear)

*MSK (25 decks)

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