temporal, infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae

Question 1

temporal fossa boundaries

Answer 1

post+sup: temporal lines
ant: frontal and zygomatic bones
Lat: zygomatic arch
inf: infratemporal crest (ridge formed by temporal and sphenoid bones deep to zygo arch)
floor: bones in region of pterion

Question 2

temporal fossa contents

Answer 2

temporalis muscle

Question 3

infra temporal fossa boundaries and contents

Answer 3

located below the zygomatic arch, deep to ramus of mandible and post to maxilla
muscles, vessels, nerves, otic ganglia

Question 4

infratemporal fossa muscles

Answer 4

muscles of mastication, which are all innervated by mandibular n. V3
*Temporalis: temporal fossa to coronoid process, elevates and retracts the mandible
*Masseter: zygomatic arch to the lateral surface and angle of mandible it elevates and protrudes mandible
*Lateral pterygoid (fierce sign): greater wing/lateral pterygoid plate to TMJ capsule and condyloid process. *Bilaterally protudes and depresses mandibleonly muscle that contributes to opening the jaw, Unilaterally: large chewing
Medial pterygoid (two fingers from eye to mouth): lateral pterygoid plate to ramus of mandible. Bilaterally elevates and protrudes mandible. Unilaterally small chewing motions

Question 5

TMJ

Answer 5

A hinge type of synovial joint between mandibular condyle and mandibular fossa
held together by three ligaments: lateral ligament, stylomandibular ligament, sphenomandibular ligament

Movements:
articular disc has 2 compartments
Upper compartment for sliding and lower compartment for rotation and the dislocation is usually anterior

Question 6

maxillary artery parts

Answer 6

mandibular part, pterygoid part, and pterygopalatine part

Question 7

mandibular part of the maxillary artery

Answer 7

Middle meningeal aa and an inferior aa

Question 8

pterygoid part of maxillary artery

Answer 8

deep temporal aa and muscular branches

Question 9

pterygopalatine part of maxillary artery

Answer 9

posterior superior alveolar aa, infraorbital aa, artery of the pterygoid canal, descending palatine a, and sphenopalatine a

Question 10

infratemporal venous drainage

Answer 10

thru pterygoid plexus

Question 11

nerves in the infratemporal fossa

Answer 11

• mandibular division (V3)- branches off into muscular branches, buccal n. (sensory), auriculotemporal n., inferior alveolar n. (gives off nerve to mylohyoid befor going into mandible), lingual n.
• facial n.- branches off into chorda tympani

Question 12

otic ganglion

Answer 12

neurons in the brainstem in the inferior salivatory nucleus send axons with glossopharyngeal n. and joins with the tympanic nerve, passes thru tympanic canaliculus to middle ear cavity to form tympanic plexus and exits temporal bone thru hiatus for lesser petrosal n. then becomes lesser petrosal nerve that goes thru foramen ovale to otic ganglion where it terminates (synapse). Auriculotemporal n carries post ganglionic fibers and go to parotid gland to secrete saliva

Question 13

pterygopalatine fossa description

Answer 13

pyrimidal space

ant: maxilla
post: pterygoid process of sphenoid b
sup: greater wing of sphenoid b
medial: vertical plate of palatine b

Question 14

openings into pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 14

• pterygopalatine fissure: entrance to cave
• inferior orbital fissure: gap anteriorly
• sphenopalatine foramen: in the medial wall (very back of the cave)
• pterygocanal and foramen rotundum: posterior wall of caave
• greater and lesser palatine foramina: on the other side of the apex at the bottom

Question 15

structures that pass thru the pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 15

• pterygomaxillary fissure- maxillary a and keeps going into sphenopalatine foramen where it changes names
• the sphenopalatine foramen- sphenopalatine a (brnch of maxillary a)
• foramen rotundum- maxillary n (keeps going straight to inferior orbital fissure, name change)
• inferior orbital fissure- infraorbital n to infraorbirtal canal
• pterygoid canal- nerve of pterygoid canal
• greater and lesster palatine foramina- greater and lesser palatine nn