blood vessels of head and neck

Question 1

costocervical trunk branches

Answer 1

supreme intercostal a

deep cervical a (anastomoses with occipital a)

Question 2

thyrocervical trunk branches

Answer 2

from the root up:

• suprascapular
• transverse cervical: (divides into dorsal scapular going up, and superficial cervical going down that anastomoses with the occipital artery)
• inferior thyroid( continuation of thyrocervical)

Question 3

brachiocephalic breaks up into…

Answer 3

subclavian and common carotid

Question 4

subclavian branches

Answer 4

from medial to lateral: vertebral artery, thyrocervical trunk, and costocervical trunk.

The internal thoracic is a branch that comes down from the subclavian

Question 5

vertebral artery

Answer 5

two arteries going thru transverse foramina of cervical bones and goes into the foramen magnum. Vertebral arteris combine to form the basilar artery to enter circle of willis

Question 6

External carotid artery branches

Answer 6

some attendings like freaking out premed students

1. Superior thyroid (gives off superior laryngeal)
2. Ascending pharyngeal a (weird one behind)
3. Lingual
4. Facial (lots of branches)
5. Occipital a
6. Posterior auricular
7. Maxillary (lost of branches)
8. Superficial temporal (gives off transverse facial way underneath the eye and that anastomoses with the facial artery)

Question 7

veins of the thyroid and where they all drain to

Answer 7

superior thyroid vein- internal jugular vein
middle thyroid vein-internal jugular vein
inferior thyroid vein- internal jugular vein and subclavian vein junction at the brachiocephalic vein

Question 8

Facial artery branches

Answer 8

• ascending palatine a (dives deep to the pharynx)
• tonsilar aa (to tonsils)
  *Submental artery (anastomoses with mental a-> inferior alveolar artery->maxillary artery part 1->external carotid)
  *inferior labial (anastomoses with superior labial artery)
  *superior labial (anastomoses with inferior labial artery)
  *Angular artery (terminal branch of facial arteries) anastomeses with buccal artery->maxillayr artery part 2->external carotid
  anastomoses with sphenopalatine artery->maxillary artery part 3->external carotid
  anastomoses with infraorbital artery->maxillary artery part 3->external carotid
  anastomoses with supraorbital/supratrochlear->ophthalmic a->internal carotid

Question 9

maxillary artery part 1 branches (in relation to lateral pterygoid)

Answer 9

lateral to lateral pterygoid m
1. middle meningeal (goes thru foramen spinosum up, implicated in pteyron fracture, hemorrhage epidural)
2. inferior alveolar aa- terminal branch mental aa anastomoses with submental aa-> facial aa->external carotid
artery to mylohyoid

Question 10

maxillary artery part 3 pterygopalatine part

Answer 10

its medial to the lateral pterygoid
1. Descending palatine- branches into greater (anastomoses with posterior septal branches of shpenopalatine a->maxillary a pt 3->external carotid aa) and lesser palatine
2. posterior superior alveolar aa (anastomoses with middle and anterior superior alveolar artery->infraorbital artery-> maxillary artery part 3->external carotid a
3. infraorbital aa- branches middle and anterior superior alveolar arteries anastomoses with PSA and ASA
also continues as the infraorbital still which gives off supraorbital and supratrochlear aa-> ophthalmic aa->internal carotid
4. Sphenopalatine arteries- branch-posterior lateral nasal branches, anastomose with anterior/posterior ethmoidal aa->supratrochlear aa->ophthalmic aa->internal carotid
branch-posterior septal branch anastomoses with greater palatine aa ->descending palatine aa->maxillary aa pt 3->external carotid

Question 11

maxillary artery part 2 (pterygoid part)

Answer 11

its behind the lateral pterygoid m

1. buccal aa (anastomoses with angular aa->facial aa->external carotid)

Question 12

internal carotid artery

Answer 12

Travels up the neck uninterupted
courses into the skull via the carotid canal
one branch- ophthalmic artery
then enters the circle of willis

Question 13

ophthalmic artery branches

Answer 13

1. central artery of the retina- travels with optic nerve
2. lacrimal artery (lateral)
3. anterior ethmoidal/posterior ethmoidal (go into the nose and anastomose with posterior lateral branches of the sphenopalatine->maxillary artery pt 3
4. Supratrochlear (medial) 4 anastomoses-angular->facial artery->external carotid artery
   anastomoses supraorbital aa->ophthalmic aa> internal carotid
   anastomoses with infraorbital.maxillary artery pt 3->internal carotid
   anastomoses with superficial temporal aa-> external carotid
5. subraorbital (lateral)
   anastomoses with angular->facial ->external carotid
   anastomoses with supratrochlear>ophthalmic->internal carotid