larynx and pharynx Flashcards
The pharynx
muscular tube open anteriorly
theres a naso oro and laryno pharynx
muscles of pharynx
superior, middle (smallest by hyoid bone) and inferior pharyngeal constricters
they are continuous with the buccanator m and help push food down
inferior pharyngeal constrictors are subdivided into thyro pharyngeus (attaches to thyroid) and cricco (attaches to cricoid process) pharyngeus
stylo pharyngeus- separates superior and middle
pharynx from the posterior aspect
there is a median pharyngeal raphe that divides the muscles, theres a space between the skull and the superior constricter filled with pharyngobasilar fascia
there is a piriform fossa by epiglottis that contains nerve
features of nasopharynx
auditory tube, tubal elevation torus tubarius, salpingopharyngeus, levator (medial) veli palatini, tensor veli (lateral) palatini, naso pharyngeal tonsil
oropharynx feature
oropharyngeal isthmus- opening from oral cavity to pharynx
palatine tonsils between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
laryngo pharynx features
piriform fossae on either side of laryngeal inlet(opening of the pharynx into larynx/voice box
innervation of pharynx
pharyngeal plexus= CN IX and X and sympathetic fibers
*Motor: CN X- all muscles of soft palate and pharynx (3 pharyngeal constrictors, salpingopharyngeus, palato pharyngeus); CN IX-stylopharyngeus; CN V3-tensor veli palatini
*sensory: CN IX and CN V2- upper pharynx ; CN X- lower
blood supply and lymphatic drainage of pharynx
ascending pharyngeal artery
jugulodigastric nodes- sore throat enlarges it
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing/ deglutition
larynx/voice box
passageway for air that functions in voice production from laryngo pharynx to trachea
function: voice production
clinical correlations of larynx
laryngitis, vocal polyps, smoking
laryngeal cartilages (thyroid cartilage)
thyroid cartilage- 2plates/laminae fused large more squished in men
- superior cornu (horn)- posteriorly arranged, its an attachment for thryohyoid membrane
- inferior cornu- articulates with cricoid cartilage (bottom cart
- oblique line- attachment for inferior constrictor, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid muscles
cricoid cartilage
has an anterior arch thats thin and a very broad posterir lamina, forms a complete ring and is the only cartilage that does so, on top there are 2 arytenoid cartilages, on tom of arytenoids are the corniculate cartilages, cuneform cartilages attach the very tip of the corniculate cartilages with the thyrohyoid membrane and are covered with mucosa
arytenoid cartilage
has vocal process that projects anteriorly and attach to the vocal ligament
muscular process that projects laterally and attach to several muscles to allow it to move
the arytenoid cartilage has a synovial joint between it and the cricoid cartilage that allows it to move and swivel medially and laterally
epiglottic cartilage
elastic cartilage that connects to the thyroid cartilage
cricotracheal ligament
connects cricoid and 1st tracheal ring