temples and that Flashcards
how is the zeus statue portayed as powerful
it was so huge and complex it was considered one of the seven wonders of the world
the effot to build shows the power of religion and need to appease
he holds an eagle which is a symbol of authority
he holds nike which implies his happiness is needed for them to be victorious
he towers over the entrance showing his superiority
how were temples significant in ancient times
they were very complex and beautiful to appease the gods
they were in prominent parts of the city so easily accesable and important
sides offten depicted relevant metopes
they were to host a god and make them feel liked and hence help them with their desired trait
what was similar in roman and greek temples
they both had collums and metopes and that on the outside
the middle always
a cella- small room where the statue is or the emporer for romans
altar in front of the statue for offerings
whta was the cella
small room where the cult statue was housed, or the dead roman emporer
there was an alter for offerings to appease them
where was the parthenon
in the acropolis in greece, a rocky hill that look down upon athens
wyat was the significance of the parthenon
it looked from a height down upon athens, could be seen throughout the city
built at the peak of athens shows athenian glory and was covered in relevant athenian myths
shows dedication to gods as its a larger scale and all 92 metopes are hand carved
greater physically than olympia possibly to show their power as a city, outdoing one of the seven world wonders
the building represented tehir victory over the persians- appeases athena and nike
where was the temple of zeus
in the south of greece
what was the significance of the temple of zeus
it was for a long time greeces largest and most famous temple which is fitting as its for the king of the gods
the statue inside was complex and famed as one of the worlds wonders
it was build after a victory and is an offering of thanks, he is holding the goddess nike
what was the job of the hiera
very similar to a priest
wpuld perform rites and sacrifices at a specific temple
GREEK
wat did the mantis do
they were not attached to a specific temple
they interpretted the will of the gods from animal entrails after overseeing a sacrifice
what were the purposes of an animal sacrifice
offering as a thanks or a request to the gods
for a mantis to interpret the will of the gods through entrails
they could be combined to see the gods will over a particular request
what was the story for the distribution of greek sacrifice
prometheus gave zeus the option of the larger bag of bones or the smaller but better bag of fat, zeus chose the bones accidentally and so thats why the bones are offered to the god.
what are greek temple workrs
the hiera and the manetis
how were temples significant in rome
everywhere they would conquer theyd build one dedicated to jupter their protecter god
they were more of a social event for festivals and that compared to Greece. They were in important parts of the city to show its importance and its accesibility to all
they would hold dedicated festivals to the city of rome to exert their power over their conquered areas
how did romans use religion for political power
they would build a Jupiter temple everywhere they went to spread their religious beliefs and to ensure they had Jupiter’s protection
they would hold festivals celebrating their city of rome in order to indicate the control of rome over their conquered lands
where is fortuna virilis
in the capital rome
significance of fortuna virilis
it was built near a port so its presumably for portuna god of harbours, hoping for safety at sea
its purpose is not entirely sure.
It’s significant as its very well preserved which has given a good look into the architectural strctucture of roman temples
where is the pantheon
in the city of rome
significance of the pantheon (Rome)
pantheon means all gods, its dedicated to all
it was also a place for emporers to speak, associating themself with the pantheon of gods reminds people of their divine figure
the unique design of an inside dome and dips in the wall shows complex roman archictecture
whqt was the ponitfex maximus
like the pope but for romans. it was a lifetime role that gave you religious and political power so important the it was usually held by the emporer
what was the biased side of roman religion
as a politician if you had a role as a pontifex you could show the will of the gods to be entirely in your favour, religion was a lot more of a public display than a belief.
having a huge sacrifice would gain uou lots of respect as it showed your commitment to sucess and prosperity
what was the sacrifice ritual in rome
the pontiefex would lead it with a viel to ward of evil
the animal was brought along and covered in mola salsa, then it was stunned over the head by a mallet. it was then cut by throat which had to be willing.
the entrails were then examined, bad ones had to be redone
vital organs were given to gods, the rest was eaten
what was done and why to make it consensual
the animal had to seem as if it were agreeing as part of the cumminty.
they were lead up by flute players which calmed it, had to physically nod their head under water and the death had to be quick without struggle
how was the inside of an animal distributed- rome
the gods were given any important organs, the entrails for reading, the skin for something idk and the rest for eating
how frequent were sacrifices
took place not just at festivals but any event like funerals and weddings to ask and thank the gods
how did romans differenciate sacrifices depending on the god
male animals were for male gods etc
white animals for heaven black for hell
heaven sacrifices were done in daylight with the public watching
some gods had specific ones like mars/ares had an ox or a ram
what kind of things would poeple request from the gods
HAD to be for the present not the underworld
material things like wealth
health
victory
specifdic to the god eg a sailor may pray to neptune for a safe journey
what is do ut des
if something is prayed for and then granted by the gods it’s important that you then appease them by giving a sacrifice!
haruspex job
religious advisers who would interpret omens through entrails
