Temperature/Metabolism

Question 1

What is an endotherm?

Answer 1

Homeotherm, warmblooded (mammals, birds)

Question 2

What is an ectotherm

Answer 2

Poikilotherm, cold-blooded (fish amphibians, invertebrates)

Question 3

How do endo therms maintain body temp?

Answer 3

heat generated by metabolism

Question 4

Endotherm heat generation is a high-energy strategy that permits ______ in a wide range of _______.

Answer 4

intense long activity

environmental temps

Question 5

Since ectotherms dont produce enough metabolic heat what do they rely on?

Answer 5

environmental conditions

Question 6

What is a heterotherm?

Answer 6

capable of varying degrees of heat production but do not regulate body temp very well.
flying insect pythons and some fishes.
some small mammals and birds allow body temp to fluctuate.

Question 7

What are the 4 pathways of respiration?

Answer 7

glycolosis
oxidative pentose phosphate pathway
citric acid cycle
oxidative phosphorylation

Question 8

Main substrate in animals?

Answer 8

Glucose and Lipid

Question 9

Main substrate in plants?

Answer 9

Sucrose

Question 10

Does respiration generate a lot of heat in plants or animals?

Answer 10

Main source for animals

Not in animals

Question 11

What are fats used for by plants and animals?

Answer 11

energy storage for animals, energy and carbon storage for plants

Question 12

when does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 12

if oxygen is absent

Question 13

in anaerobic respiration lots of middle _____ in respiration chain are produced, such as _____

Answer 13

Metabolites

lactic acid, alcohol

Question 14

What is the respiratory quotient?

Answer 14

RQ = CO2/O2

Question 15

RQ for carbs? Fats? Proteins?

Answer 15

1, 0.7, ~0.8

Question 16

Results of respiration?

Answer 16

mass loss
gas change
produce water
produce heat
produce middle metabolites

Question 17

What metabolism pathway assembles simple structures into complex molecules? relates to repair, regeneration and growth

Answer 17

Anabolism

Question 18

What metabolism pathway breaks down complex energy or material rich molecules into simple ones?

Answer 18

Catabolism

Question 19

Most effective for energy storage out of protein, fats and carbs?

Answer 19

Protein not ideal cause nitrogen scarce and a limiting factor in growth

fat most effective cause high heat production and dehydrated form

carbs second most effective cause rapid conversion

Question 20

What is the Basal Metabolic Rate?

Answer 20

stable rate of energy metabolism measured in animals under least stressful conditions

Question 21

What is Standard metabolic rate?

Answer 21

animals resting and gastric metabolism at given temp

Question 22

What is field metabolic rate?

Answer 22

average rate of energy use as animal goes about normal activities, range from high intensity to resting

Question 23

what is aerobic metabolic scope?

Answer 23

range of metabolic rates of which animal is capable, max sustainable rate/BMR

Question 24

As body mass increases in mammals, mass specific metabolic rate _________.

Answer 24

declines

Question 25

At low temp most cooling of animals is done by ________.

At higher temps more cooling begins to be done by _______.

Answer 25

Nonevaporative

Evaporative cooling

Question 26

rate of heat dissipation is proportional to____.

Answer 26

surface area of animal

Question 27

what are two types of heat dissipation?

Answer 27

sensible (surface area and temp gradients)

latent (respiration)

Question 28

Metabolic rate is proportional to ____.

Answer 28

Weight

Question 29

rise of 10 degree celsius results in rate of 02 consumption to ______.

Answer 29

Increase by twofold or threefold

Question 30

Ecto therms under low temperatures

_______ is a big threat because they cannot survive it.

Answer 30

Freezing

cannot survive freezing of tissue water

Question 31

Cold hardy p.65

Answer 31

Look it up bitch

Question 32

Two Strategies of Cold-Hardiness

Answer 32

freeze-tolerant (cold hardy) and freeze intolerant

Question 33

No animal can live and carry out complete cycle at temp over______.

Answer 33

50 celsius