Animal Nutrition II

Question 1

What type of digestion occurs in food vacuoles (organelles which hydrolytic enzymes breakdown food without digesting own cytoplasm) and what animals digest food this way.

Answer 1

Intracellular digestion and it is used in heterotrophic protists and in sponges

Question 2

What type of digestion occurs by breakdown of food outside of cells and allows organisms to eat larger pray by phagocytosis

Answer 2

extracellular digestion

Question 3

intracellular digestion steps

____engulf their food by____.
Food is digested in___.
Newly formed___migrate around inside the cell
The vacuole’s fuse with___which are organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes.
Later the vacuoles fuse with the___and their contents are excreted

Answer 3

Heterotrophic protists
Phagocytosis or pinocytosis
Food Vacuoles
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Anal Pore

Question 4

What are digestive sacs with single openings found in animals with simple body plans such as flatworms called

Answer 4

Gastrovascular cavity’s

Question 5

when the prey is stuffed into the mouth of the gastrovascular cavity, the prey is then partially digested by___.
____absorb food particles and most of the actual hydrolysis of___a cure intracellularly

Answer 5

enzymes

gastrodermal cells

Question 6

Complete digestive tracts: how are your animals have an ______ With a mouth, digestive tube, and an anus.

Answer 6

alimentary canal

Question 7

The alimentary canal has various accessory glands that secrete digestive juices into the canal such as_______

Answer 7

salivary glands, pancreas, the liver and the gallbladder

Question 8

How is food push through the alimentary canal

Answer 8

By waves of smooth muscle contraction called peristalsis

Question 9

What controls the entry and exit of food into the stomach

Answer 9

Muscular valves called sphincters

Question 10

What three things initiate food processing

Answer 10

Esophagus, the oral cavity, and pharynx

Question 11

What does the presence of food oral cavity trigger

Answer 11

Secretion of saliva by the salivary gland’s

Question 12

Saliva contains salivary amylase which is what

Answer 12

I’m in the home that hydrolyzes starch and glycogen into smaller polysaccharides and the disaccharide maltose

Question 13

What is a bolus?

Answer 13

A ball of food made by the tongue while chewing.

Question 14

After swallowing it takes _____ seconds for food to pas down esophagus and ____ hours to partially digest in the stomach. Final digestion occurs in small intestine for _____ hours.

Answer 14

5 to 10
2 to 6
5 to 6

Question 15

When not swallowing, esophageal sphincter muscle is _______, the epiglottis is up and the glottis is open allowing _________.

Answer 15

contracted

airflow to the lungs

Question 16

Gastric juice is secreted by ____. It is concentrated ________. The ph is ___. Kills most ____ swallowed with food.

Answer 16

the epithelium lining the stomach wall
hydrochloric acid
2
bacteria

Question 17

Gastric juice contains enzyme that begins hyrolysis called_____. It breaks _____ bonds adjacent to specific _____ producing smaller _____. In active form is called _____.

Answer 17

Pepsin
peptide
amino acids
polypeptides
pepsinogen

Question 18

As a result of stomach mixing every 20 seconds, recently swallowed food becomes ______.

Answer 18

an acid chyme

Question 19

What is at the opening of the stomach that helps regulate passage of chyme into the small intestine?

Answer 19

pyloric sphincter

Question 20

What is the first 25 cm of the small intestine called?

Answer 20

The duodenum

Question 21

What does the duodenum do/

Answer 21

acid chyme is mixed with digestive juices which buffers the acidity of the chyme from the stomach

Question 22

What is Bile and what does it do?

Answer 22

It is produced in liver and stored in gallbladder. Aids in digestion and absorption of fats.

Question 23

What does pancreatic amylase do? And Maltase and Sucrase?

Answer 23

hydrolyzes starch, glycogen and small polysacharrides. Maltase splits maltose into two glucose, sucrase splits sucrose into glucose and fructose