Animal Nutrition II Flashcards
What type of digestion occurs in food vacuoles (organelles which hydrolytic enzymes breakdown food without digesting own cytoplasm) and what animals digest food this way.
Intracellular digestion and it is used in heterotrophic protists and in sponges
What type of digestion occurs by breakdown of food outside of cells and allows organisms to eat larger pray by phagocytosis
extracellular digestion
intracellular digestion steps
____engulf their food by____.
Food is digested in___.
Newly formed___migrate around inside the cell
The vacuole’s fuse with___which are organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes.
Later the vacuoles fuse with the___and their contents are excreted
Heterotrophic protists Phagocytosis or pinocytosis Food Vacuoles Vacuoles Lysosomes Anal Pore
What are digestive sacs with single openings found in animals with simple body plans such as flatworms called
Gastrovascular cavity’s
when the prey is stuffed into the mouth of the gastrovascular cavity, the prey is then partially digested by___.
____absorb food particles and most of the actual hydrolysis of___a cure intracellularly
enzymes
gastrodermal cells
Complete digestive tracts: how are your animals have an ______ With a mouth, digestive tube, and an anus.
alimentary canal
The alimentary canal has various accessory glands that secrete digestive juices into the canal such as_______
salivary glands, pancreas, the liver and the gallbladder
How is food push through the alimentary canal
By waves of smooth muscle contraction called peristalsis
What controls the entry and exit of food into the stomach
Muscular valves called sphincters
What three things initiate food processing
Esophagus, the oral cavity, and pharynx
What does the presence of food oral cavity trigger
Secretion of saliva by the salivary gland’s
Saliva contains salivary amylase which is what
I’m in the home that hydrolyzes starch and glycogen into smaller polysaccharides and the disaccharide maltose
What is a bolus?
A ball of food made by the tongue while chewing.
After swallowing it takes _____ seconds for food to pas down esophagus and ____ hours to partially digest in the stomach. Final digestion occurs in small intestine for _____ hours.
5 to 10
2 to 6
5 to 6
When not swallowing, esophageal sphincter muscle is _______, the epiglottis is up and the glottis is open allowing _________.
contracted
airflow to the lungs
Gastric juice is secreted by ____. It is concentrated ________. The ph is ___. Kills most ____ swallowed with food.
the epithelium lining the stomach wall
hydrochloric acid
2
bacteria
Gastric juice contains enzyme that begins hyrolysis called_____. It breaks _____ bonds adjacent to specific _____ producing smaller _____. In active form is called _____.
Pepsin peptide amino acids polypeptides pepsinogen
As a result of stomach mixing every 20 seconds, recently swallowed food becomes ______.
an acid chyme
What is at the opening of the stomach that helps regulate passage of chyme into the small intestine?
pyloric sphincter
What is the first 25 cm of the small intestine called?
The duodenum
What does the duodenum do/
acid chyme is mixed with digestive juices which buffers the acidity of the chyme from the stomach
What is Bile and what does it do?
It is produced in liver and stored in gallbladder. Aids in digestion and absorption of fats.
What does pancreatic amylase do? And Maltase and Sucrase?
hydrolyzes starch, glycogen and small polysacharrides. Maltase splits maltose into two glucose, sucrase splits sucrose into glucose and fructose
