Lecture #18: Animal Nutrition I Flashcards
Animals diet must supply what 3 needs?
Fuel (chemical energy)
Organic Raw Materials (use in biosynthesis and make own molecules)
Essential Nutrients (stuff that can’t be made on its own)
Malnourishment
Animal missing one or more essential nutrient from diet (not the same as undernourished)
can be malnourished and obese
Do plants and animals provide all essential amino acids?
Just animals do, plants are incomplete (lack one or more amino acid)
Why must a diet with all essential amino acids be eaten everyday?
The body cannot easily store amino acids
Animals can synthesize most essential fatty acids but cannot________
synthesize certain unsaturated fatty acids such as omega 3 ones (ex: linoleic acid)
How many essential human vitamins are there?
13
What are the two groups of vitamins
Water soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins
minerals are simple____Usually required in____.
Inorganic nutrients
Small amounts
which Minerals are required by humans and other vertebrates in relatively large quantities
Calcium and phosphorus
Which minerals have a major influence on the osmotic balance between cells and the intestinal fluids
Sodium potassium and chloride
What are the effects of too much salt consumption
upset homeostatic balance and cause toxic side effects
What are the four main groups of which animals ingest food
suspension feeders, Deposit feeders, substrate feeders and fluid feeders
What are suspension feeders
Aquatic animals such as clams that sift small food particles from the water
What are deposit feeders
Animals that eat their way through dirt or sediments and extract partially decayed organic material such as earthworms
what are substrate feeders
Animals that live in or on their food source eating their way through the food such as with minors which tunnel through the interior of leaves