Lecture 1: Plant Structure and Growth Flashcards
Angiosperms
first appeared in Cretaceous
Flowering plants
What are the two types of angiosperms
Monocots and dicots
What is the description of a monocot
they have parallel veins in the leaves
They have one cotyledon
They have complexly arranged vascular bundles
They have fibrous root systems
Usually have multiples of three flowers petals
Attributes of dicots
They have two cotyledons
Their veins are usually net like
There are vascular bundles arranged in ring
They usually have taproots
Floral parts usually in multiples of 4 or five
Fibrous root system
They have a mat of thin roots
Tap root system
One large vertical route with small branches
Where does most of sorption of water and minerals occur
Near the root tips where there are lots of root hairs
Two types of shoot systems
Vegetative system which is leaf bearing
Reproductive system which is flower bearing
What is a node
The point that the leaves are attached to
What is an Internode
This stem segments between those
What is an axillery bud
Growth buds that are in between the stems and leaves with the potential to form a vegetative branch
Terminal buds
Growth bud located at the plant apex
Apical dominance
Terminal buds can inhibit growth of axillary buds
Stolons
Grow on the surface and enable a plant to colonize large areas asexually
Rhizomes
Horizontal stems the girl on the ground for example ginger
Tubers
Swollen and of the rhizomes specialized for food storage for example potatoes
Bulbs
Vertical underground shoots consisting of swollen bases of leaves that store food example onions
What are the three basic types of cells that help form tissues in plants
Paranchymal cell’s
collenchymal cells
sclerenchymal cells
Paranchymal Cell’s
Perform most of the metabolic functions of the plant, they synthesize in store organic molecules
Collenchymal Cell
Help support a young parts of the plant, they are flexible and support
Sclerenchymal Cell
Support the plant with a dick secondary wall strengthened by lignin