Temperature & Body Fluid Regulation

Question 1

What is the term for the required bodily temperature for an animal’s systems to work?

Answer 1

Optimal Temperature

Question 2

True or False: Cellular respiration decreases with temperature

Answer 2

False, it increases

Question 3

True or False: External environment or habitat heavily affects an animal’s body temperature

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What are the 3 factors that affect total body temperature?

Answer 4

Heat produced metabolically, heat gained from environment and heat lost to environment

Question 5

This mode of heat exchange is the transfer of heat by movement of air or liquid past a surface

Answer 5

Convection

Question 6

This mode of heat exchange is the direct transfer between objects in direct contact

Answer 6

Conduction

Question 7

Give at least 2 methods on how animals adapt to temperature fluctuations

Answer 7

1. Live in habitats with constant temperature
2. Physiology naturally adapts to temperature in the environment
3. Generate and traps heat internally

Question 8

This mode of heat exchange is the loss of heat through gas release of an animal, only done in terrestrial animals

Answer 8

Evaporation

Question 9

This mode of heat exchange is when emissions of EM waves are absorbed by animals even if not in direct contact

Answer 9

Radiation

Question 10

This type of animal sources body heat from the environment and has low rates of metabolism. Also called poikilotherms.

Answer 10

Ectotherms

Question 11

This type of animal sources body heat from its cellular processes and has insulating body covering like fur.

Answer 11

Endotherms

Question 12

This type of animal has varied body temperature and are mostly ectotherms. They conserve energy during sleep

Answer 12

Heterotherms

Question 13

This type of animal has constant body temperature and are mostly endotherms

Answer 13

Homeotherms

Question 14

What is the regular elimination of waste products from the body called?

Answer 14

Excretion

Question 15

What are some of the common bodily wastes?

Answer 15

1. Carbon dioxide
2. Water
3. Nitrogen
4. Solutes

Question 16

This is the act of energy conservation during sleep to be able to perform thermoregulation during activity

Answer 16

Thorpor

Question 17

This is the physiological process that regulates water and solute balance

Answer 17

Osmoregulation

Question 18

This is the measure of the osmotic pressure of a solution

Answer 18

Osmolarity

Question 19

In different temperatures an animal that maintains their osmolarity is an _____, while one that maintains body temp. is an _____

Answer 19

Osmoconformer, Osmoregulator

Question 20

This invertebrate structure pumps out excess water when exposed to hypoosmotic environments through pores

Answer 20

Contractile Vacuoles

Question 21

This invertebrate structures functions mainly for excretion and/or osmoregulation. Found in Flatworms and Rotifers

Answer 21

Protonephridia

Question 22

What is the main function of the flame cells in protonephridia?

Answer 22

Move fluids throughout body of invertebrate

Question 23

This is a multicellular system of tubules that excrete fluids in invertebrates. Found in Earthworms

Answer 23

Metanephridia

Question 24

These are excretory glands located near the antenna and maxillary segments of crustaceans. They reabsorb ions and water

Answer 24

Antennal & Maxillary Glands

Question 25

This composes majority of the insect excretory system and recovers some of their water and ions

Answer 25

Malphighian Tubules

Question 26

These are spherical sacs that collect wastes from surrounding hemolymph and excrete through pores of arachnids

Answer 26

Coxal Glands

Question 27

What physiological process in vertebrates allows the filtering of blood cells, proteins and other large solutes?

Answer 27

Filtration

Question 28

This physiological process removes ions and end products from the blood of vertebrates for removal

Answer 28

Secretion

Question 29

After filtration, some ions and molecules are brought back into the bloodstream. What vertebral process is this?

Answer 29

Reabsorption

Question 30

This type of kidney is found in male hagfish and amphibians. It is separate from the testes

Answer 30

Primitive Pronephric Kidney

Question 31

This is the functional kidney in amniote embryo, adult fish and amphibians. This secretes sex hormones and is connected the testes

Answer 31

Mesonephros

Question 32

Kidney of reptiles, birds and mammals and is the most advanced type of kidney. It has separate ducts for sperm and urine

Answer 32

Metanephric Kidney