Circulation and Gas Exchange

Question 1

Flatworms’ transport system is mainly composed of their _____

Answer 1

Gastrovascular Cavity

Question 2

Transport gases, nutrients, waste and acts as a hydrostatic skeleton

Answer 2

Coelomic Fluid

Question 3

Circulating fluid of animals with an open circulatory system

Answer 3

Hemolymph

Question 4

Circulating cells or Hemocytes

Answer 4

Blood Cells

Question 5

Transport systems of animals are necessary to maintain ____ or balance

Answer 5

Homeostasis

Question 6

This invertebrate circulates water from their environment as their transport system

Answer 6

Sponges

Question 7

Cnidarians rely on ____ which fills their gastrovascular cavity

Answer 7

Fluids

Question 8

True or False: Flatworms have a complex gastrovascular cavity

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False: Animals with shorter diffusion systems have longer or larger bodies

Answer 9

False, they have shorter bodies

Question 10

What are the two classes of invertebrates with separate circulatory systems?

Answer 10

Mollusks and Annelids

Question 11

True or False: In closed circulatory systems, the blood can leave the system at any time or passage

Answer 11

False, the blood stays in the vessels

Question 12

Rotifers use a ____ fluid to transport gases

Answer 12

Coelomic

Question 13

Name at least 2 functions of blood

Answer 13

1. transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
2. defends against harmful cells or viruses
3. coagulation / clotting
4. regulates pH level and body temp.

Question 14

This is the production of blood which begins in the bone marrow

Answer 14

Hematopoiesis

Question 15

This is the liquid part of the blood; composed of 90% water

Answer 15

Plasma

Question 16

Blood cells are also called ____

Answer 16

Hemocytes

Question 17

This component of blood cells functions for phagocytosis and defense

Answer 17

Coelomocytes

Question 18

Thrombocytes are also called ____

Answer 18

Platelets

Question 19

The shape of this type of blood cells vary based on the animal

Answer 19

Red Blood Cells

Question 20

What is the main purpose of WBC or leukocytes?

Answer 20

To pick up waste and protect the body from trauma, injury or illness

Question 21

What are the two types of leukocytes?

Answer 21

Granulocytes & Agranulocytes

Question 22

What is the difference between Granulocytes and Agranulocytes

Answer 22

Granulocytes focus on immunity against a specific pathogen while Agranulocytes focus on general immunity

Question 23

Lower vertebrates’ RBC are (higher, lower) in number while (higher, lower) in size

Answer 23

Lower, Higher

Question 24

Hemoglobin is an ____-containing protein

Answer 24

Iron

Question 25

RBC is mostly composed of ____

Answer 25

Hemoglobin

Question 26

These are elastic blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the organs

Answer 26

Arteries

Question 27

These are inelastic, large vessels that carry blood from tissues to the heart

Answer 27

Veins

Question 28

This is the meeting point of arteries and veins

Answer 28

Capillaries

Question 29

How many chambers does the fish heart have?

Answer 29

2: 1 atrium and 1 ventricle

Question 30

The fish heart pumps (deoxygenated, oxygenated) blood into the gills

Answer 30

Deoxygenated

Question 31

What structure of the fish reoxygenates its blood?

Answer 31

Gills

Question 32

True or False: Amphibians have a completely divided heart

Answer 32

False, only partially divided

Question 33

Amphibians also absorb oxygen through their ____

Answer 33

Skin

Question 34

True or False: Amphibian blood is highly oxygenated

Answer 34

True

Question 35

When reptiles are underwater, the blood pumped into their lungs is redirected to the _____

Answer 35

Left Systemic Arch

Question 36

Amphibians and Reptiles have partially divided hearts to allow redirection away from the ____

Answer 36

Pulmonary Artery

Question 37

This is the blood pressure when the heart is at rest

Answer 37

Diastolic Blood Pressure

Question 38

This is the blood pressure when the heart contracts and blood passes through the arteries

Answer 38

Systolic Blood Pressure

Question 39

This type of circulation brings blood to the lungs

Answer 39

Pulmonary Circulation

Question 40

This type of circulation is when blood is spread throughout the body to supply tissues cells and organs

Answer 40

Systemic Circulation

Question 41

These are thin-walled vessels with valves that ensure the one-way flow of lymphs

Answer 41

Lymphatics

Question 42

Derived from the word "lympha" meaning clear water

Answer 42

Lymph

Question 43

This respiratory surface is when animals absorb nutrients across their body surfaces

Answer 43

Simple Diffussion

Question 44

Terrestrial vertebrates have a ____ system where gases move between tracheoles

Answer 44

Tracheal System

Question 45

This type of gas exchange is common in animals w/ moist environments, where they absorb gases through integuments

Answer 45

Cutaneous Exhange

Question 46

Aquatic animals breathe through ____

Answer 46

Gills

Question 47

What is the sole invertebrae subclass that possesses a distinct breathing structure (Pulmonary Lung)

Answer 47

Pulmonata

Question 48

This type of gas exchange supplies about 25% of amphibians' air

Answer 48

Cutaneous Exchange

Question 49

This is the ability of an organism to exchange gases simultaneously with both air and water

Answer 49

Bimodal Breathing

Question 50

What are the 2 types of gills?

Answer 50

Internal & External

Question 51

Why do birds have unique respiratory organs?

Answer 51

To allow for longer breathing during flight