Tema 8. Metabolismo óseo-mineral Flashcards

1
Q

Osteopenia difusa

A

La densidad del hueso cortical se reduce mientras que se mantiene la del hueso esponjoso

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2
Q

Hiperparatiroidismo

A

PHT alta –> Calcio alto –> Fósforo bajo –> HCO3 bajo, FA alta si repercusión ósea importante

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3
Q

Efectos secundarios del Denosumab

A

ITU e infecciones respiratorias + necrosis mandibular

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4
Q

Hipercalcemia grave

A

> 15

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5
Q

TTo hipercalcemia grave

A

Suero salino + Furosemida + bifosfonatos (zalendronato a 4-8mg) +/- Calcitonina (paget o cáncer)

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6
Q

Hipercalcemia tumoral

A

La PTH está normal o baja y el calcio muy elevado

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7
Q

Indicación de paratiroidectomía

A

<50 años
Litiasis o riesgo
Fractura vertebral por Rx

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8
Q

La 1-a-hidroxilasa está controlada por…

A

La PTH

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9
Q

Vitamina D en el hueso

A

Estimula la transcripción de osteocalcina y osteopontina

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10
Q

Carcinoma paratiroideo

A

Más frecuente inferior, mutación HRPT2

Infiltra tiroides y nervio recurrente

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11
Q

Hiperparatiroidismo primario asociado a MEN

A

Hiperplasia

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12
Q

Lagunas de Howship

A

Osteítis fibrosa quística del hiperparatiroidismo primario

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13
Q

Queratopatía en banda

A

Hipercalcemia secundaria a IRC

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14
Q

Pseudohiperparatiroidismo

A

Producción de PTH-rp (tumoral)

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15
Q

Hipercalcemia + hipocalciuria

A

Contraindicada la intervención quirúrgica

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16
Q

Síndrome del hueso hambriento

A

Hipocalcemia + Hipofosfatemia +hipomagnesemia tras paratiroidectomía

17
Q

Cociente calcio/creatinina <0,01

A

Hipercalcemia benigna familiar con hipocalciuria

18
Q

Hiperparatiroidismo secundario a diferencia del primario cursa con…

A

Hiperfosfatemia

19
Q

Gluconato cálcico para tratamiento de…

A

Hiperpotasemia
Hipermagnesemia
Hipocalcemia por hipoparatiroidismo primario

20
Q

Pseudohipoparatiroidismo

A

PTH elevada con clínica de hipoparatiroidismo (si ampC normal = II)

21
Q

Osteodistrofia hereditaria de Albright (Tipo Ia)

A

Estatura baja, cara redonda, obesidad y cuello corto

Signo del hachazo (acortamiento del 4º y 5º metatarso)