Teleostomi Boney Fishes- Acanthodians, Sarcopterygians

Question 1

Teleostomi- Sarcopterygii (lobe-fin/ Tetrapod derived)-
Dipnomorpha- Dipnoi (Lungfish)

Answer 1

Autostylic suspension of upper jaw;
teeth fused into crushing plates;
regeneration capabilities (tail);
build coccoons (estivation);
cloaca;
paired fins & lungs;
large genome;
bone in dermis & endoskeleton; African- lacks ray fin;
AUS- can’t estavate

Question 2

Teleostomi-
Sarcopterygii (lobe-fin)-
Coelacanthimorpha-
Latimeria

Answer 2

Skull divided into centerior & posterior;
paired fins (paddle like);
fins used to “walk”;
oviparous (lay eggs);
2 dorsals;
caudal (diphycaul);
small epicaudal fin;
fins (lobate & flexible);
electroreceptive capacity (head-standing behavior);
swim bladder filled with fat (not essified);
bone in dermis (endoskeleton);
pectoral fin 180 degree rotation;
lurking predator

Question 3

Teleostomi-
Actinopterygii (Ray-fin)-
Chondrostei (Subclass)-
Polypteriformes (Bichirs)

Answer 3

teeth capped with acrodine;
1 dorsal;
“ray-fin”- slender ray support interior membrane;
median fin;
paired append.;
maxilla bonded to skull;
feathery gill;
spiracle;
lobate pectoral fin;
ganoid scales (3 layers);
spiral valve;
freshwater;
bone in dermis;
can live terrest. up to 1 hr.

Question 4

Teleostomi-
Actinopterygii (Ray-fin)-
Chondrostei (Subclass)-
Acipenseridae (Sturgeon)

Answer 4

boney scutes (sides and back);
4 barbels;
teeth capped;
upper jaw elongate;
1 dorsal;
“Ray-fin”- slender support interior membrane;
median fin;
paired append.;
electroreceptor responds to low freq. emissions of Daphnia;
bone in dermis & endoskeleton
Beluga caviar (Biggest Sturgeon)

Question 5

Teleostomi-
Actinopterygii (Ray-fin)-
Neopterygii (Subclass)-
Semionotiformes (Gar)

Answer 5

elongate;
covered with heavy ganoid scales;
hard-head bone;
nostril at tip;
extract O2 from swim bladder;
poisonous eggs;
teeth capped;
upper jaw (elongate);
1 dorsal/ median fin;
“Ray-fin”;
paired append.;
dermal skeleton;
bone in dermis for endoskeleton;
opisthocoehs vert.

Question 6

Teleostomi-
Actinopterygii (Ray-fin)-
Neopterygii (Subclass)-
Amiiformes (Bowfin)

Answer 6

freshwater;
gas bladder functional in aerial respir.;
teeth capped;
upper jaw (elongate);
1 dorsal/ median fin;
“Ray-fin”;
paired append.;
dermal skeleton;
paired append.;
dermal skeleton;
bone in dermis for endoskeleton;
one living representative;
males make/ guard nest;
males court many females; males smaller; ocellus- dark spot on male caudal

Question 7

Explain the evolutionary importance of the Class Sarcopterygii fishes or “lobe-fined” fishes

Answer 7

The beginning of tetrapods

Question 8

What are lungfishes?
Explain their incredible adaptations.
Discuss their evolutionarily linkage to
tetrapods?

Answer 8

lungfish (Dipnoi)
have paired lungs, can estivate, regenerate body parts;
Lungfish have closest phylogenetic affinity with tetrapods; lungs

Question 9

Discuss the defining characteristic of the Class
Actinopterygii fishes or “ray-finned” fishes

Answer 9

capped teeth with mineralized tissues;
upper jaw elongate;
single dorsal (two regions);
slender rays support interior membrane

Question 10

Identify and discuss the early phylogeny of
Actinopterygian fishes – bichirs & reedfish

Answer 10

Bichirs & Reedfish- maxillae bonded to skull, ganoid scales, lobate pectoral fin;

Question 11

Identify and discuss the early phylogeny of
Actinopterygian fishes – Gars & Bowfins

Answer 11

Gar & Bowfin- elongated fins, body covered in ganoid scales, head hard bone, nostrils at tip, eggs poisonous (gar)

Question 12

Identify and discuss the early phylogeny of
Actinopterygian fishes –Sturgeons & Paddlefishes

Answer 12

Sturgeons & Paddlefish- long snout, 2 barbels, electroreceptors (snout, Dophnia)

Question 13

What type of skeleton do teleostomi have?

Answer 13

Endoskeleton

Question 14

Sarcopterygii

Answer 14

Lobe finned fishes

Question 15

Actinopterygii

Answer 15

Ray finned fishes
Feeding adaptation
Locomotion adaptation