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Ichthyology (Fish Biology) > Perciforms > Flashcards

Perciforms Flashcards

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1
Q

Understand the overwhelming diversity of the Order
Perciformes

A

largest order of vertebrates, ~41% of all bony fish, dominate shallow, marine habitats

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2
Q

Discuss how Suborder Percoidei (many gamefishes), Labroidei
(known for feeding adaptations), and Gobiodei (many
occupy coral reefs) comprise ¾ of described fish species in the perciformes

A

ctenoid scales

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3
Q

Sciaenidae (drums and
croakers)

A

many make sound

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4
Q

Labridae (wrasses)

A

largest marine family; sharp, heavy teeth in front of mouth; cleaves that pick parasites off of other species

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5
Q

Scaridae
(parrotfishes)

A

ecosystem engineers, subtropical and tropical fish associated with coral reefs, scrape attached vegetation or chunks of coral

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6
Q

Cichlidae (cichlids)

A

important freshwater fish, found everywhere, egg and larvae thieves, fake death by laying motionless on their sides

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7
Q

Understanding the overwhelming diversity of the order Perciformes (Perch Like Fishes)

A

“Largest order of vertebrates
40% of all bony fish”

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8
Q

Sub Order: Percoidei

A

Many Game fishes
Black Bass , Sunfishes, Snappers, Drums, Croakers, Butterfly Fish , Grunts

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9
Q

Sub Order: Labroidei

A

Known for feeding adaptations (eating algae on coral)
Wrasses
Parrot fish
Damsel + Anemones

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10
Q

Sub Order: Goboidei

A

Many occupy coral reefs
Gobiidae Gobies
smallest species (Giant goby)

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10
Q

What Sub Orders comprise of 3/4 of described fish species

A

Centrarchidae
Labroidei
Gobioidei

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11
Q

Family: Centrarchidae

A

Black Bass
Sunfish

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12
Q

Family: Sciaenidae

A

Drums & Croakers
Sound producing fish family!
Silver Perch
Atlantic Croaker
Red Drum
Black Drum

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13
Q

Family: Haemulidae

A

Grunts
French grunt makes sound
changes when older also

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13
Q

Family: Lutjanidae

A

Snappers
Local Red Snapper

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14
Q

Family: Chaetodontidae

A

Butterfly Fish
Four eye fish predator adaptation used for camo

15
Q

Family: Labridae

A

Wrasses
Slippery Dick

16
Q

Family: Scaridae

A

Parrot Fish
Cocoon themselves in slime for predatory protection
Coral reef fish have different phases for camouflage
Juveniles change phases to adults using chromatophores

17
Q

Family: Pomacentridae

A

Damsel + Anemones
Beaugregory fish
Yellow Tail Damsel
Juvenile: Blue
Intermediate: Blue with Yellow tail
Adult: Yellow

18
Q

Family: Trachinadae

A

Some are venomous like the
Lesser Weever
who has a venomous spine of 1st dorsal fin and gills
and burrows in the sand with eyes out for protection

18
Q

Suborder: Trachinoidei

A

Lesser weavers
Sand lancers

19
Q

Family: Ammodytidae

A

Sand Lancer
Important for humpback whale food chain!

20
Q

Family: Blenniidae

A

Blennies
Red lip Blenny

20
Q

Sub Order : Blennioidei

A

Coral Reef fishes
Blennies
Stargazers

21
Q

Family: Dactyloscopidae

A

Stargazers
have loure and burrow in the ground

22
Q

Sub Order : Nototheniodei

A

Antarctic Adaptations
Antarctic Dragonfish
Ice Fish

23
Q

Family: Channichthyidae

A

Ice Fish
Famous for Lacking hemoglobin!

23
Q

Family: Bathydraconidae

A

Antarctic Dragonfish
Use glycoproteins as an antifreeze to withstand freezing cold temperatures

24
Q

Sub Order: Gobesocidae

A

Clingfish
like octopus
very cute!

25
Q

Sub Order: Gobioidei

A

Family: Gobiidae
(Gobies)
Smallest species
Giant Goby

26
Q

Sub Order: Acanthuroidei

A

Family: Acanthuridae
(Surgeons and Tangs)
Common and colorful
Blue tangs are yellow when juvenile and Blue as adults
Ocean Surgeon fish

27
Q

Sub Order: Scombroidae

A

Barracudas
Tuna + Mackerels
Swordfish
Billfish + Black Marlin + Blue Marlin

28
Q

Family: Sphyraenidae

A

Barracudas
Flexible
Slim body
Adapted to swim in coral reefs

29
Q

Family: Scombridae

A

Tuna and Mackerels
Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
Recreational and Commercial Fishing

30
Q

Family: Xiphiidae

A

Swordfish
Xiphias Gladius (gladius= sword)
Special organ that heats Brain + eye area which improves sight

31
Q

Family: Istiophoridae

A

Billfish + Black Marlin + Blue Marlin
Rough rounded bill
retain scales and teeth as adults

32
Q

Sub Order: Stromateoidei

A

Family: Nomeidae
Man-O-War + Drift fishes
get protection from jellyfish and adapted to not get stung for symbiotic relationship

33
Q

Sub Order: Anabatoidei

A

Family: Belontiidae
Sciamees Fighting Fish
Betta Fish
M- Vibrant colors
F- Dull in color

33
Q

Sub Order: Channoidei

A

Family: Chonnidae
Snake Heads
Massive
Invasive species
Top predators

Ichthyology (Fish Biology) (14 decks)

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