Perciforms

Question 1

Understand the overwhelming diversity of the Order
Perciformes

Answer 1

largest order of vertebrates, ~41% of all bony fish, dominate shallow, marine habitats

Question 2

Discuss how Suborder Percoidei (many gamefishes), Labroidei
(known for feeding adaptations), and Gobiodei (many
occupy coral reefs) comprise ¾ of described fish species in the perciformes

Answer 2

ctenoid scales

Question 3

Sciaenidae (drums and
croakers)

Answer 3

many make sound

Question 4

Labridae (wrasses)

Answer 4

largest marine family; sharp, heavy teeth in front of mouth; cleaves that pick parasites off of other species

Question 5

Scaridae
(parrotfishes)

Answer 5

ecosystem engineers, subtropical and tropical fish associated with coral reefs, scrape attached vegetation or chunks of coral

Question 6

Cichlidae (cichlids)

Answer 6

important freshwater fish, found everywhere, egg and larvae thieves, fake death by laying motionless on their sides

Question 7

Understanding the overwhelming diversity of the order Perciformes (Perch Like Fishes)

Answer 7

“Largest order of vertebrates
40% of all bony fish”

Question 8

Sub Order: Percoidei

Answer 8

Many Game fishes
Black Bass , Sunfishes, Snappers, Drums, Croakers, Butterfly Fish , Grunts

Question 9

Sub Order: Labroidei

Answer 9

Known for feeding adaptations (eating algae on coral)
Wrasses
Parrot fish
Damsel + Anemones

Question 10

Sub Order: Goboidei

Answer 10

Many occupy coral reefs
Gobiidae Gobies
smallest species (Giant goby)

Question 10

What Sub Orders comprise of 3/4 of described fish species

Answer 10

Centrarchidae
Labroidei
Gobioidei

Question 11

Family: Centrarchidae

Answer 11

Black Bass
Sunfish

Question 12

Family: Sciaenidae

Answer 12

Drums & Croakers
Sound producing fish family!
Silver Perch
Atlantic Croaker
Red Drum
Black Drum

Question 13

Family: Haemulidae

Answer 13

Grunts
French grunt makes sound
changes when older also

Question 13

Family: Lutjanidae

Answer 13

Snappers
Local Red Snapper

Question 14

Family: Chaetodontidae

Answer 14

Butterfly Fish
Four eye fish predator adaptation used for camo

Question 15

Family: Labridae

Answer 15

Wrasses
Slippery Dick

Question 16

Family: Scaridae

Answer 16

Parrot Fish
Cocoon themselves in slime for predatory protection
Coral reef fish have different phases for camouflage
Juveniles change phases to adults using chromatophores

Question 17

Family: Pomacentridae

Answer 17

Damsel + Anemones
Beaugregory fish
Yellow Tail Damsel
Juvenile: Blue
Intermediate: Blue with Yellow tail
Adult: Yellow

Question 18

Family: Trachinadae

Answer 18

Some are venomous like the
Lesser Weever
who has a venomous spine of 1st dorsal fin and gills
and burrows in the sand with eyes out for protection

Question 18

Suborder: Trachinoidei

Answer 18

Lesser weavers
Sand lancers

Question 19

Family: Ammodytidae

Answer 19

Sand Lancer
Important for humpback whale food chain!

Question 20

Family: Blenniidae

Answer 20

Blennies
Red lip Blenny

Question 20

Sub Order : Blennioidei

Answer 20

Coral Reef fishes
Blennies
Stargazers

Question 21

Family: Dactyloscopidae

Answer 21

Stargazers have loure and burrow in the ground

Question 22

Sub Order : Nototheniodei

Answer 22

Antarctic Adaptations Antarctic Dragonfish Ice Fish

Question 23

Family: Channichthyidae

Answer 23

Ice Fish Famous for Lacking hemoglobin!

Question 23

Family: Bathydraconidae

Answer 23

Antarctic Dragonfish Use glycoproteins as an antifreeze to withstand freezing cold temperatures

Question 24

Sub Order: Gobesocidae

Answer 24

Clingfish like octopus very cute!

Question 25

Sub Order: Gobioidei

Answer 25

Family: Gobiidae (Gobies) Smallest species Giant Goby

Question 26

Sub Order: Acanthuroidei

Answer 26

Family: Acanthuridae (Surgeons and Tangs) Common and colorful Blue tangs are yellow when juvenile and Blue as adults Ocean Surgeon fish

Question 27

Sub Order: Scombroidae

Answer 27

Barracudas Tuna + Mackerels Swordfish Billfish + Black Marlin + Blue Marlin

Question 28

Family: Sphyraenidae

Answer 28

Barracudas Flexible Slim body Adapted to swim in coral reefs

Question 29

Family: Scombridae

Answer 29

Tuna and Mackerels Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Recreational and Commercial Fishing

Question 30

Family: Xiphiidae

Answer 30

Swordfish Xiphias Gladius (gladius= sword) Special organ that heats Brain + eye area which improves sight

Question 31

Family: Istiophoridae

Answer 31

Billfish + Black Marlin + Blue Marlin Rough rounded bill retain scales and teeth as adults

Question 32

Sub Order: Stromateoidei

Answer 32

Family: Nomeidae Man-O-War + Drift fishes get protection from jellyfish and adapted to not get stung for symbiotic relationship

Question 33

Sub Order: Anabatoidei

Answer 33

Family: Belontiidae Sciamees Fighting Fish Betta Fish M- Vibrant colors F- Dull in color

Question 33

Sub Order: Channoidei

Answer 33

Family: Chonnidae Snake Heads Massive Invasive species Top predators