Teleostean Fishes & Ostoriophysi Flashcards
Discuss the defining characteristics of the Teleosts –
“perfect bone”, sensory arsenal, moveable premaxilla
cycloid & etenoid scales replace ganoid scales; spiral valve lost
Identify and discuss the phylogeny of the 5 major
subdivisions of the Telostei
Osteoglossimorph- no supermaxilla, paired tendon bonds to 2nd hypobranchid, connection btwn gas bladder and ear (amplifies hearing);
Elopomorph- tarpon/ ladyfish, bony gular plate btwn lower jaw bones, cycloid scales, forked caudal, ethmoidedal commisure of cephalic sensory canal system, slender/ compressed;
Clupeomorpha- herring, otophysic connection (ultrasonic hearing);
Ostariophysi- dominant freshwater, divided into two series (one has Weberian ossicle, one does not)
Euteleostei- majority of teleosts
Explain the electrogenic mormyrids and their amazing
sensory abilities
produce powerful emissions to stun prey, weak signals as means of communication and orientation
Explain the phylogeny and identify the different Orders
and representative species in the Subdivision
Elopomorpha (tarpons, bonefish, eels) & Clupeomorpha
Elopomorpha- Elopiformes (tarpon, ladyfish), Anguilloformes (eels);
Clupeomorpha-
Herring & relatives (acoustic lateralis system)
Explain the European eel migration
catadromous; possible migration to the Sargasso Sea for spawning
Explain the acoustic lateralis system in herrings and
anchovies. Can this system provide special hearing
adaptations? Discuss.
presense of chamber in pterotic bone, with which some of the cephalic lateral line connects. Yes, provides special hearing adaptations, ultrasonic hearing (another form)
Discuss the Superorder Ostariophysii, phylogeny and
diversity, and their sensory capabilities
Two series: Anotophys (no Weberian), Otophysi (Weberian present)
Describe the Weberian Apparatus and its
importance in the fishes belonging to the Series
Otophysi
Weberian Apparatus- between swim bladder and ear, aids in reception
Discuss the different Families in the Order Siluriformes
(catfishes), representative species, and their sensory
adaptations
have Weberian Apparatus (ultrasonic hearing), scales absent or covered in bony plates, barbels (chemosensory), Vandellia attracted to nitrogenous wastes, enters urethra, some can extract O2 from atmosphere
What does teleostomi mean?
Perfect boney fish
Osteoglossomorpha
Elephant fish
electrogenesis /electro detection (stuns prey)
large cerebellum
paired tendon bonds to para spenoid (brain bone)
Elopomorpha:
Tarpons/Lady fish
cycloid scales
slender compressed body
gaped boarder by premx & toothed max
Deep forked caudal fin
Anguilliformes:
Eels/Deep sea Gulpies
Deep Sea marine
mout 3-7x bigger than neurocranium
small open gill (1)
lateral line system
Pectoral girdle not connected to skull
Dorsal and anal fin are connected
Swim bladder is Physostomous (connects to alimentary canal)
Clupeomorpha:
Herrings and Anchovies
Acoustic Lateral Line system
otophysic- ultra sonic hearing
Ostariophysi:
Freshwater fish
Weberian ossicles adaptation
