Teamwork and Leadership Flashcards
What is a team?
Group of two or more members identifiable by type
What must individuals in a team do to be a team?
- Think of themselves as a team
- Have the same goal of the team
- Have a common or shared purpose
- Each need the help of the team to accomplish the goal
- Communicate, influence and react to one another
What are the characteristics of a team?
- Roles (specific for each person)
- Norms (Rules and standards about expectations)
- Communication Structure (Who talks to who, Hierarchy)
- Power Structure (Who has what power?)
What are the two types of team leader? How are they differentiated?
- Designated: They are always the leader (Captain/PIC)
- Functional Leader: Person with the most information, providing the most expertise.
How should team coordination be done to be effective?q
- Information is shared
- There is no duplication of effort
- Roles and responsibilities are clearly defined
- Everyone is working towards the same objective
What effect can briefings have on teamwork?
Positive: Set the correct tone for the flight, professional and informative
Negative: Can portray sloppiness, lack of interest and can divide the team
What can happen if teamwork starts to fail?
- Accidents or Incidents occur
- Members start to act as individuals rather than as a team
What is the Bystander effect/ Social Loafing? How can you counteract this?
- People feel safer in a group and are less likely to help people
- Heard mentality
- Giving people individual responsibilities will counteract this
How does team productivity vary within a team?
- The larger the team, the less effort is required by individuals
- Lack of coordination will reduce productivity
- Using the team to everyones full potential will maximise performance
- Self evaluation will create responsibility for own performance
What is conformity within a team or group?
- Individuals can be pressures to go against what they think is just/ right if it is against the group opinion
- Known as groupthink
- People desire harmony, potentially leading to a wrong or dysfunctional decision being made
What is cognitive dissonance within a team or group?
- The state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, especially relating to behavioural decisions and attitude changes
- People alters attitudes, beliefs and behaviours to relieve discomfort or restore balance
What is Group polarisation/ Risk Shift?
If individuals are inherently cautious, the final group decision will be even more cautious
If individuals are inherently risk-takers, the final group decision will be even more risky
What is a mind guard in a group?
Member who stops information that may contradict a team’s consensus
-May be trying to control decision making
What is in-group and out-group?
-Biases and judgement passed on people based simply on weather they are part of the group or not
What is the effect of an introverted personality?
Needs prompting and extra questioning to get an opinion
What is the effect of an extraverted personality?
Gives too much of their opinion.
-Can be detrimental when paired with an introvert
What can you do to deal with an individual who has an anxious personality?
- Give them relevant tasks that will help the situation
- Explain to them who could happen next (eg. signs of icing when flying in icing cloud)
- Get them to double check or cross check what you have done with checklists
What is the effect of a goal oriented personality ?
May rush to complete the task without giving due thought to process
What is the effect of a relationship orientated personality?
May put relationships ahead of the task or safety
What traits would a good leader have? (8)
Flexible Professionalisms competence Good decision making skills Effective communication skills Responsibility Enthusiasm Humor A purpose
What traits should a good follower or team member have? (4)
The ability to still make decisions
Supportive
Have technical, cognitive ad interpersonal skills
*Some leaders may also need these skills
What does the leadership/follow-ship model include?
External environment Cockpit climate and structure Roles and responsibilities Knowledge, skills & attributes Communications The leader and the follower
What are the components of the leadership/follow-ship model?
- Regulatory environment
- Corporate environment
- Market environment
- Physical environment
- Cockpit climate/ structure
- Leader/ Follower
- Communication
What interacting skills are required in a team according to the leadership/ follow-ship model? (6)
- Envisioning
- Modelling
- Influence
- Receptiveness
- Initiative
- Adaptability
What are the 6 different leadership styles?
Coercive Authoritative Affiliative Democratic Pacesetting Coaching
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a coercive leader?
Has extreme top down decision making, good in extreme and urgent situations
-Team members lose sense of responsibility, accountability and ownership
What are the advantages and disadvantages of an authoritative leader?
Motivate people by making it clear where they fit into system
- Gives people leeway to make their own decisions
- Does not work when the team know more than the leader
What are the advantages and disadvantages of an affiliative leader?
Revolves around people and is based in loyalty and strong emotional relationships
- Works well to build team harmony, increase morale, increase communication and repair trust
- Should not be used alone as it can lead to poor performance and perception that average is tolerated
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a democratic leader?
Spends time getting people to buy into plan, build trust and respect, and gets commitment
- It is very realistic about what can and cannot be achieved
- Caution when people are less informed as it can just waste time and frustrate people
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a pacesetting leader?
Leader sets the pace and exemplifies what they want to see in the team
-Can make team members feel overwhelmed and have negative effects on the group climate
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a coaching leader?
Helps to identify individual’s strengths and will maximise on them. Give lots of feedback and instruction
- Are willing to accept short term failure to promote long term learning
- Only negative when leader is ill-equipped to coach the team or team members
