TDMM Chapter 3 Flashcards
Access Provider (AP)
- A company that provides a service path between a service provider and the client user
- Operator of a facility that is used to convey telecommunications signals to and from a client premises
ACS
Access Control System
AHJ
Authority Having Jurisdiction
BAS
Building Automation System
Demarcation Point (DP)
- A point where the operation control or ownership changes
EF
Entrance Facility
An entrance to a building for both public and private network service media
EP
Entrance Point
The point of emergence for telecommunications cabling through an exterior wall, floor or conduit
ER
Equipment Room
An environmentally controlled or centralized space for telecommunications equipment that usually houses an MC (CD) or IC (BD)
HC (FD)
Horizontal Cross-Connect (Floor Distributor)
A group of connectors (patch panels, punch downs) that allow horizontal, backbone and equipment cabling to be cross connected with patch cords or jumpers
IC (BD)
Intermediate Cross-Connect (Building Distributor)
The connection point between a backbone cable that extends from the main cross connect (MC (CD)) and the backbone cable from the horizontal cross-connect (HC (FD))
MC (CD)
Main Cross-Connect (Campus Distributor)
The cross-connect normally located in the main equipment room for cross-connection and interconnection of entrance cables, backbone and equipment cables
Service Provider (SP)
The operator of any service that furnishes telecommunications content delivered over access provider facilities
TE
Telecommunications Enclosure
A case or housing for telecommunications equipment, cable terminations and cross-connect cabling
TR
Telecommunications Room
An enclosed architectural space for housing telecommunications equipment, cable terminations and cross-connect cabling
How are telecommunications spaces defined?
As rooms and areas where telecommunications cabling systems are terminated, cross-connected and interconnected to installed telecommunications equipment
Why should a telecommunications space that serves multiple tenants be in a common space that can be accessed through a common corridor or outside door?
Limits interruption of building tenants.
Who should have access to a locked telecom space, area or room?
- Owners maintenance personnel
- Building Management
- Common key/access control credential holders
- Each tenant
Name two strategies to limit acoustic noise levels in a telecommunications space
- Locate noise generating equipment outside the telecom space
- Specify use of sound barriers if equipment cannot be relocated
What should be the minimum ceiling height in a telecom space?
8ft AFF
What is the recommended ceiling height to consider using in a telecom space?
10ft AFF
True or False
Suspended ceilings are preferred in telecom spaces?
False
Name two potential consequences of installing excessively tall equipment racks in a telecom space
- May require special lighting
- May require wider working clearances
Why is it important to select a ceiling finish that is light colored?
Enhances room lighting
How much clearance should be provided for the installation and maintenance of cabling that is mounted on a wall
3.28ft (1m)
What is the minimum recommended depth that should be provided for wall mounted equipment?
6in
How much working clearance (front and rear) should be provided around installed equipment?
3.28ft (1m)
What is the minimum recommended side clearance when equipment will be mounted in the corners of a telecom space?
12in
True or False
If possible, sleeves, slots and conduits should be located where they permit cable terminations to be performed from left to right
True
How far should a cable tray located within a ceiling protrude into a room?
1in to 2in without a bend
How high should a cable tray located within the ceiling be placed when it protrudes into a room?
8ft
What is the minimum size and number of sleeves to be used for backbone pathways for a TR, ER or EF?
At least four 4” sleeves
How should multiple telecommuncations spaces on the same floor be interconnected?
At least two 4” conduits or equivalent sized pathway
True or False
Doors for telecommunications spaces are permitted to have a lower fire rating than the rest of the room
False
What should be the focus of the fire protection system?
Prevention, early warning and containment
Where should light switches be located in telecommunications spaces?
Near the entrance to the space
True or False
Dimmers and vacancy sensors are recommended for reducing energy consumption in telecommunications spaces
False
How much light should be provided within the telecommunications space?
46 FC measured between racks
Where should light fixtures be located in telecom spaces?
Minimum 8.5ft AFF and coordinated with rack layout
How should telecom spaces in multi floor buildings be aligned?
Stacked
What is an advantage of using one or more load-bearing walls to build the telecom space?
reduces the possibility of relocating the space if the building is altered or expanded in the future
What is the purpose of locating a telecom space as near as possible to the center of the area to which it will provide connectivity?
Minimizes cable runs
What are the minimum interior dimensions of a telecom space if the serving area is 5000ft2 or less?
10ft x 8ft
What are the minimum interior dimensions of a telecom space if the serving area is larger than 5000ft2 and less than or equal to 8000ft2
10ft x 9ft
What are the minimum interior dimensions of a telecom space if the serving area is larger than 8000ft2 and less than or equal to 10000ft2
10ft x 11ft
Where are small rooms permitted to serve as telecom spaces?
In buildings smaller than 5000ft2
Name three types of cabinets that may serve a building that is smaller than 1000ft2
- Wall Cabinet
- Self contained cabinet
- Enclosed cabinet
If minimum size guidelines cannot be met for reasons outside the control of the ICT designer, what space guidelines should be followed instead?
Provide 4ft deep x 6ft wide x 8.5ft high for every 240 terminations served
How much termination space should be allocated for balanced twisted pair cables utilizing patch panel connections?
4 sq in for each 4pair circuit to be patched or cross connected
How much termination space should be allocated for optical fiber cables?
2 sq in for each optical fiber strand to be patched or cross connected
How much termination space should be allocated for coaxial cables?
2 sq in for each coaxial cable to be patched or cross connected
How much additional termination space may need to be allocated for the proper routing of cables, jumpers, equipment cords and patch cords?
Up to 20% more space
Name the three factors that determine how much additional termination space is needed for proper cable routing
- Mounting scheme used
- Type and layout of connecting hardware used
- Active equipment
Name three forms of protection against containments in telecom spaces
- vapor barriers
- positive room pressure
- absolute filters
how much clear space should be above and below the top and bottom of the connecting hardware for cable management
5in
what is the maximum length for patch cords, equipment cords or jumpers in an HC (FD)
16.5ft (5m)
What is the maximum total length for patch cords/jumpers, equipment cords connected to the HC (FD)
33ft (10m)
What is the maximum length for patch cords or jumpers that serve the MC (CD) or IC (BD)?
66ft (20m)
What is the recommended height for racks, cabinets and enclosure?
7ft
How many walls in a telecom space should be lined with AC grade or better void free plywood?
At least two
How high should plywood be mounted in a telecommunications space?
8in AFF
what type of telecom space is defined as an enclosed architectural space for housing telecom equipment, cable terminations and cross-connect cabling?
Telecommunications Room (TR)
What type of telecom space is defined as a case or housing for telecom equipment, cable terminations, and cross-connect cabling?
Telecommunications Enclosure (TE)
True or False
A TR is limited to serving one tenant?
False
True or False
There is no maximum number of TRs or TEs that may be provided in a building
True
Name the three types of cabling facilities that may be housed in a TR
- HC (FD)
- IC (BD)
- MC (CD)
Which type of cabling facility is used to make connections to the horizontal cabling in the TR and TE?
HC (FD)
true or false
an EF may contain a TR
True
What is the minimum number of TRs for a floor that does not contain an ER?
At least one
What is a shallow room?
an enclosed space for housing cable terminations, cross-connect cabling and telecommunications equipment
How many dedicated non-switched duplex receptacles should be available for equipment power in each TE?
A minimum of 1
What is the minimum light requirement for a TE?
50 fc
What is the maximum area that should be served by a single TE?
3600 sq ft
What is an equipment room?
An environmentally controlled centralized space for telecommunications equipment that usually houses and MC (CD) or an IC (BD)
How do ERs differ from TRs?
ERs are generally considered to serve a building, campus, tenant or SP whereas TRs serve a floor area of a building
Name four reasons a building would contain multiple ERs
To provide one or more of the following:
- Separate facilities for different types of equipment and services
- Redundant facilities and disaster recovery strategies
- A separate facility for each tenant in a multi tenant building
- A separate facility for each access provider (AP) and service provider (SP)
True or False
An ER may provide any or all of the functions of a TR or an EF
True
Name three components commonly found in an ER
- Active equipment
- Cross-connect facilities
- BASs or other building system equipment
Name five types of an apparatus typically housed in an ER
- Power conditioning and backup systems
- Environmental controls
- Telecom equipment
- Fire suppression or smoke/heat detection systems
- Access Control Systems and Intrusion Detection Systems
Name the four most common types of backbone cabling/media
- balanced twisted pair
- multimode optical fiber
- singlemode optical fiber
- coaxial
Name the five factors to consider when performing an initial assessment of an ER design
- Customer requirements
- Telecom pathway locations
- Access Provider (AP) and service provider (SP) requirements
- Environment/facility conditions and resources
- Building requirements
What is the most basic step in planning and ER?
Selecting a suitable location
Name the two factors that generally dictate the amount of space allocated for the ER
- size and variety of systems to be installed
- size of the area that the room will serve
True or False
Layouts for cabling pathways are generally determined after the location of ERs, EFs and TRs are established
True
If a separate access provider (AP) space is required, where should it be located?
In or adjacent to the EF
How much space should be allocated for each access provider (AP) in an EF?
At least 4ft x 6ft
Name the two benefits of location the ER near the electrical service entrance
- Aids in designing an optimal bonding and grounding (earthing) arrangement
- Minimizes bonding and grounding (earthing) disturbances
Who controls the access to an ER that is shared by multiple tenants?
The building owner or agent
True or False
Whenever practicable, the ER should be located next to the mechanical room
False, an ER should not be located adjacent to a mechanical room
What is the minimum amount of floor space that should be allocated for an ER?
10ft x 16ft
What can the ICT designer use to determine the minimum size of the ER if the specific equipment that will be used is unknown?
The amount of floor space that the ER will serve
What industry average is used to calculate space for work areas?
100 sqft
What is the minimum permitted size for an ER that will serve fewer than 200 work areas?
150 sqft
Name five factors that are used to determine the minimum working clearance around equipment in the ER
- Voltage
- Exposure of live parts
- Equipment orientation
- AHJ
- Location of grounded parts
How much floor area is typically required for equipment cabinets in an ER?
10 sqft of floor area plus an additional 10 sqft for working clearance
What types of cable pathways are commonly used to route bulk cables within the ER?
- Cable tray or ladder rack
- Access Floors
What is the minimum amount of access headroom that is required when a cable tray system is installed in an ER?
8in
What is the recommended amount of access headroom for a cable tray system that is installed in an ER?
12in
True or False
All cable must be plenum rated when cooling or return air is provided under access flooring
True
Name two characteristics of strapping, hooking and lashing that make them unsuitable (typically) for being the primary means of cable distribution within an ER
- limited bulk cable capacity
- Inablility to accommodate change
What types of cable pathways are commonly used to allow telecommunications cables to enter and exit the ER?
- slots and sleeves
- conduits
Sleeves and slots are the most common method for routing cable through building walls and floors. Why are sleeves preferred?
Sleeves are easier to firestop
How many sleeves should be provided to run cable to an ER?
A minimum of four 4” sleeves with at least one spare sleeve
Why should sleeves and slots be specified before the building is constructed?
Because cutting holes in existing concrete:
- is expensive
- can create dust and water damage
- can compromise structural integrity
What is the purpose of using a bushing on the end of a conduit?
avoids damaging the cable sheath
What components should be used if cable bends will be required near a conduit?
cable sheaves
Name three reasons conduits are not recommended for use in an ER unless they are required by code
- Expensive
- Limited bulk capacity
- Accommodate change poorly
Why should ER cross-connects be located near the end of the backbone pathways?
minimizes the need for cable routing in the ER
True or False
The ICT designer is usually responsible for designing and installing electrical power equipment in the ER
False
Name five components that can be used to protect an ER from power flucuations
- dedicated branch circuits
- dedicated power feeders
- power conditioning
- backup power
- effecting grounding and bonding
What does a dedicated branch circuit serve?
A single outlet
Why should an electrical power quality audit be performed before telecommunications equipment is installed?
To assess the need for additional power conditioning
True or False
Backup power is strongly recommended for ERs
True
Name three environmental requirements for telecom equipment
- Temperature control
- Humidity control
- Dust and containment control
Limit changes in temperature and humidity to around __ percent
Limit changes in temperature and humidity to around one percent
Where should HVAC sensors and controls be located in an ER?
5ft AFF
Name six alarms that should be installed (at a minimum) for the HVAC system for an ER
- AC power loss
- High and low temperature
- High and low humidity
- Smoke Detection
- Compressor failure
- Water flooding
What is condensate
Moisture obtained through the air during the dehumidification process
How often should belts and filters be checked as part of routine maintenance for the HVAC system in an ER?
Every 6 months minimum
What should the ICT designer do to ensure that the warranties on equipment remain in force?
Follow manufacturers instructions and requirements exactly
What should the ICT designer do in cases where site constraints make it impossible to follow the manufacturers instructions or requirements?
Consult the manufacturer for alternates that will not void the warranty and ask for acknowledgement in writing
What should the ICT designer check after equipment installation for the ER is complete?
- Workmanship for safety, standards and code compliance
- Cleanup
- Compliance with construction documents
What is an entrance facility (EF)?
Entrance to a building for public and private network service media
True or False
EFs must be located in a separate room from the ER
False
Name three elements included in a service entrance
- path that telecom entrance facilities follow on private or public property
- single or multiple EPs to the building
- termination point or DP
Name four factors that influence the type and location of the entrance that will be used
- type of facility being used
- path the facility follows
- building architecture
- aesthetics
Name four types of media that can enter an EF
- balanced twisted pair copper
- coaxial
- optical fiber
- wireless
Name the three types of OSP facilities that can be used for a service entrance
- Underground
- Direct buried
- Aerial
