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Psychology > TBP: Genes & Nervous System > Flashcards

TBP: Genes & Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Neuroscience

A

Studies Structure and Behavior of the brain, neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue

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2
Q

Biological Psychology

A

Focus on Biological basis of psychological processes and behavior

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3
Q

High hereitibilty

A

Low flexibility from starting point

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4
Q

The brain and Spinal Cord

A

Central Nervous System

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5
Q

Transmits information to and from the central nervous system

A

Peripheral Nervous system

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6
Q

Interprets, Stores, and sends information to muscles, organs, and glands

A

Brain

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7
Q

Pathway connecting the brain and the nervous system

A

Spinal Cord

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8
Q

Automatically regulates glands, internal organs, blood vessels, pupil dilation, digestion, and blood pressure

A

Automatic Nervous system

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9
Q

Carries sensory information and controls movement of skeletal muscle

A

Somatic Nervous system

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10
Q

Maintains body functions under ordinary conditions and saves energy

A

Parasympathetic Divison

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11
Q

Prepares the body to react and expend energy in times of stress

A

Sympathetic Division

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12
Q

Carries messages from senses to central nervous system

A

Sensory system

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13
Q

Afferent

A

Sensory system

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14
Q

Carries messages from central nervous system to muscles and glands

A

motor system

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15
Q

Efferent

A

Motor system

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16
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

All nerves and neurons not in the brain and spinal cord, but run throughout the body

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17
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Nerves that control the voluntary muscles of the body

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18
Q

Automatic Nervous System

A

Controls involuntary muscles, organs, and glands

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19
Q

Sensory Pathway

A

Nerves Carrying messages from the senses to the brain and spinal cord

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20
Q

Motor Pathway

A

Nerves from the brain and spinal cord to the voluntary muscles, consisting of motor neurons

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21
Q

Sympathetic Division

A

Responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily arousal

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22
Q

Parasympathetic Division

A

Restores body to normal functioning after arousal and responsible for day-to-day functioning of organs and glands

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23
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Long bundle of nerves that carry messages between body and brain

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24
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Carries information from the senses to central nervous system

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25
Q

Motor Neuron

A

Carries messages from central nervous system to muscles of body

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26
Q

Brain

A

organ composed of billions of neurons in your skull

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27
Q

Medulla, Pons, cerebellum

A

hindbrain

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28
Q

Large swelling at top of spinal cord, lowest part of brain

A

Medulla

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29
Q

Life-sustaining functions; breathing, swallowing, heartrate

A

Medulla

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30
Q

Larger swelling above medulla that connects top of brain to bottom

A

Pons

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31
Q

Sleep, dreaming, left and right coordination, arousal

A

Pons

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32
Q

Part of Lower brain behind the pons

A

Cerebellum

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33
Q

Controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement

A

Cerebellum

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34
Q

Basal Ganglia, Limbic system

A

Midbrain

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35
Q

Group of brain structures involved in movement, regulation, habits, motivation, and information integration

A

Basal Ganglia

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36
Q

Group of brain structures involved in Learning, Memory, emotions, and motivation

A

Limbic system

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37
Q

Amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus

A

Limbic system

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38
Q

Fear

A

Amygdala

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39
Q

Long term memory

A

Hippocampus

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40
Q

Sensory integration center

A

thalamus

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41
Q

Body regulation and motivations

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

Outermost covering of brain: consisting of densely packed neurons

A

Cortex

43
Q

Corticalization

A

Wrinkling of the cortex

44
Q

The cerebral hemispheres…

A

…Work together

45
Q

Band of fibers connecting 2 halves of the brain

A

Corpus Callosum

46
Q

Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Frontal Lobe

A

4 Cortical Lobes of the brain

47
Q

Responsible for touch and sensory integration and processes numerical information

A

Parietal Lobe

48
Q

Responsible for processing visual information

A

Occipital Lobe

49
Q

Responsible for auditory processing, and emotional and motivational behavior

A

Temporal Lobe

50
Q

Responsible for motion, abstract thinking, planning, decision making, and working memory

A

Frontal Lobe

51
Q

Lesioning Studies

A

Insert wire into brain with electrical current

52
Q

Brain stimulation

A

electrical stimulation of brain

53
Q

MRI

A

Radio waves and magnetic fields produce detailed images

54
Q

Electroencephalograph

A

uses electrodes to record electrical activity in brain

55
Q

Specialized cell in the nervous system that receives & sends messages in that system

A

Neruon

56
Q

Theorized that the nervous system was made up of individual cells

A

Santiago Ramon y Cajal

57
Q

branchlike structures of neuron that recevie messages from other neurons

A

Dendrites

58
Q

The cell body of the neuron

A

Soma

59
Q

Tubelike structure of nueron that carries neural messages from cell body to axon terminals

A

axon

60
Q

fatty substance that coats axons

A

myelin

61
Q

Peripheral nervous system bundles of axons are called…

A

…Nerves

62
Q

Provide support for nerons

A

Glial cells

63
Q

Diffusion

A

Process of molecules moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration

64
Q

The membrane charge goes beyond it’s original resting potential and then returns to its normal resting level

A

Hyperpolorization

65
Q

Turning cell on

A

Excitatory response

66
Q

turning cell off

A

inhibitroy response

67
Q

The first neurotransmitter to be identified was…

A

…acetlycholine

68
Q

Stimulates skeletal muscles to contract

A

acetlycholine

69
Q

Found between nuerons and muscle cells

A

acetlycholine

70
Q

slows contraction in heart muscle

A

acetlycholine

71
Q

memory, arousal, attention

A

acetlycholine

72
Q

Low levels are linked to alzheimers

A

acetlycholine

73
Q

Found in brain

A

Dopamine

74
Q

Different effects in different parts of brain

A

Dopamine

75
Q

low levels linked to parkinsons

A

Dopamine

76
Q

high levels linked to schizophrenia

A

Dopamine

77
Q

Located in Lower part of the brain

A

Serotonin

78
Q

excitory/inhbitory effect

A

Serotonin

79
Q

sleep, mood, anxiety, appetite

A

Serotonin

80
Q

Low levels linked to depression

A

Serotonin

81
Q

inhibtior

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

82
Q

calms anxiety

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

83
Q

After the stimulation, some neurotransmitters float away, most end up back in presynaptic nueron

A

reuptake

84
Q

Top of spinal collum

A

Medulla

85
Q

life-sustaining functions

A

Medulla

86
Q

Medulla, pons, reticula formation, cerebellum

A

The hindbrain

87
Q

above medulla

A

Pons

88
Q

Carries messages from brain to body

A

Pons

89
Q

left and right coordination

A

Pons

90
Q

area of neruons responsible for general attention, alertness, and arousal

A

The reticula formation

91
Q

At base of skull

A

Cerebellum

92
Q

Controls invoulntary, fine, rapid motor movement

A

Cerebellum

93
Q

The limibic system is located…

A

…under the cortex

94
Q

relay station for incoming sensory info.

A

Thalamus

95
Q

body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleeping, waking, sexual activity, and emotions

A

Hypothalamus

96
Q

muscle control

A

Hippocampus

97
Q

Fear

A

amygdala

98
Q

Fear

A

amygdala

99
Q

Broca’s area

A

a role in speech production

100
Q

understanding meaning of words

A

Wernicke’s area

101
Q

Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area

A

Associtation areas of the brain

Psychology (9 decks)

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