TBI/ Spinal Trauma / Brain Tumor Flashcards
most common level of injury for spinal injury? most common cause?
- C5
- car accident
2 types of spinal cord injury- whats the difference? which is more common?
◦ Complete → damage that eliminated all innervation below injury
◦ Incomplete → injury allows some function below injury
‣ More common
causes of spinal cord injury are primary or secondary- whats the difference?
◦ Primary → initial injury
◦ Secondary → effect after initial injury that worsens the primary injury
examples of primary spinal cord injury?
- Hyperflexion (head forward)
- Hyperextension (head backward)
- Axial loading / vertical compression
- Excessive rotation (twisting)
- Penetrating trauma
- Distraction (pulling head up from body)
examples of secondary spinal cord injury?
- Hemorrhage
- Ischemia
- Hypovolemia
- Impaired tissue perfusion
- Edema
the higher up the spinal cord injury, the more _______
severe
sxs of spinal cord injury
- impaired mobility
- decreased sensory perception
- loss of DTR
- cardiovascular
- resp
- loss of bowel/bladder control
cardiovascular complications occur with fracutre above ____. sxs include….
◦ Above T6
◦ Bradycardia
◦ Hypotension
◦ Dysrhythmias
resp complicartions from spinal cord injury occur with injury in….. why?
C3-c5
-lack of innervation of phrenic nerve which controls the diapragm
why do i care about dermatomes for spinal cord injury?
- Zones of sensory motor function
- Utilized as part of assessment
what are myotomes with spinal cord injury?
- zones of muscle function
- groups of muscles innervated with the nerve root
- used as part of an assessment
plegia vs paresis
plegia = paralysis
paresis = weakness
what does Hypoesthesia or hyperparesthesia mean?
weakened or heightened sensory perception
web does spinal shock occur in relation to injury?
imemdiately!
what is spinal shock? how long does it last?
◦ Has temp complete loss of motor sensory reflex and autonomic function
◦ Last 48 hrs to weeks
