MS / ALS Flashcards
3 characteristics of MS
chronic
autoimmune
demyelination –> plaques in CNS white matter
why does myelin matter? what do you see with demyelination?
myelin allows transfer of nervous signal through body
without it = stop or slow impulse
Trur of False:
with MS once you lose myelin its gone forever
False
remyelination can occur but is *incomplete *
which cells cause demyelination with MS
Th-cells and B-cells
4 types of MS
- Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS)
- Primary Progressive MS (PPMS)
- Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS) (combine 1 and 2 types)
- Progressive Relapsing
match with the type of MS
-S&S develop and resolve over weeks to months
-Flare that Returns to baseline
-Most cases MS
Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS)
match with the type of MS
-Small percentage
-Frequent relapse with partial recovery
-NO return to baseline
progressive relapsing
match with the type of MS
- no remission, no acute attacks
- gradual progression
- onset 40-60 years
Primary Progressive MS (PPMS)
type of ms:
Often begins as Relapsing Remitting then becomes Progressive
Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS)
(combine 1 and 2 types)
causes of MS + frequency
genetics, immune, enviro
women > men
cold areas
s/s of MS re: mobility changes
Tremor
Fatigue
Spasticity
s/s of MS re: muscle weakness
Dysarthria
Dysphagia
Gait disturbances
Flaccid or spastic bladder or bowel
s/s MS re: visual changes
Decreased visual acuity and perception
Nystagmus
Blurred vision
Double Vision
s/s of MS re: cognition changes
Inattention
Memory issues
Problem solving difficulties
Alteration in reasoning
general s/s of MS:
-pain
-mobility changes
-muscle weakness
-parasthesia
-visual changes
-cognition changes
3 main complications from MS
- infection (aspiration pneuminia, UTI)
- immobilty (OP/ pressure injury)
- Depression
-Dysphagia–> Aspiration pneumonia
-Bladder retention –> UTI and Urosepsis
diagnostics for MS
-clinical presentation
-LP
-MRI
-EMG
-Evoked Potential Testing or Visual Evoked Response
what is Evoked Potential Testing or Visual Evoked Response?
test for ms :
-Non-invasive
-Evaluates transmission along optic nerve pathway
factors that can make MS worse
-Fatigue
-Stress
-Overexertion
-Temperature extremes (hot bath, shower, cold weather…)
what concerns do we have with MS patient eating?
aspiration! assess for dysphagia
interventions for MS are focused on…
-Prevent exacerbations
-Manage symptoms
-Optimize function
-Alter effects on immune system
aka keep from getting sick and improve quality of life
what kind of exercise do people with MS need to avoid? what should they do?
AVOID : rigorous activity/exercise and hyperthermia
DO: ROM, stretching, rest, strengthening
bladder interventions for MS
- self-cath
- bladder pacemaker
SEE BOOK FOR SPECIFIC DRUG STUFF
hint hint… maybe ill remember to make cards for this later
