TBI (Exam 4) Flashcards
explain coup vs. contrecoup
coup= initial impact contrecoup= when brain bounces back
what is paraguesia?
abnormal taste of food
what is alexithymia
inability to understand your own or anyone else’s emotions…
what is mydriasis?
blown pupil… VERY BAD!
when diagnosing a TBI, a _______is the fastest, but only shows swelling and hematoma, a___________ is not as fast but shows more clarity such as axonal tracts
CT= fast, generic MRI= slower, more detail
other brain imaging to help diagnose TBI?
FMRI PET EEG MRS (biomarkers such as liactate, and metabolites in the brain) DTI
why does lactate build up in a damaged brain?
when blood flow to brain is altered or when mitochondria swell up and are damaged, the brain relies on anaerobic metabolism and so the lactate builds up quickly
a TBI disrupts homeostasis of what nutrient in the brain? leading to secondary damages
calcium
how do calcium levels get so array?
loss of glutamate receptors due to damaged axons so glutamate is free floating in the brain and glutamates job is to trigger Ca release so it just keeps releasing more and more Ca which gunks up the mitochondria and causes them to release ROB (superoxide anion/free radicals) and leads to all kinds of secondary problems and cell death
what makes TBIs difficult to treat with medications?
damage to the BBB
_________ ________ to cells is present in 90% of patients who die from TBI
ischemic injury (either primary or secondary)
what is the name of the sydrome that develops from long term effects of repeated brain trauma
chronic traumatic enecephalopathy
