Cerebellum (Exam 3)

Question 1

what cells in the cerebellum only output to the cortex and inhibit nuclei

Answer 1

purkinje cells

Question 2

each purkinje fiber is monagamus with

Answer 2

one climbing fiber-
each purkinje fiber receives input from only 1 climbing fiber, but each climbing fiber contacts up to 10 purkinje fibers…

Question 3

everytime a climbing fiber fires the _________ fiber fires

Answer 3

purkinje, its obligatory

Question 4

each climbing fiber impacts…

Answer 4

several purkinje fibers

Question 5

what do the climbing fibers do?

Answer 5

carry info from the cerebrum (cortex), what happened? is it what we wanted to happen?

Question 6

Mossy Fibers contact….

Answer 6

thousands of purkinje fibers but have small influence over them bc they are contacting them via parallel fibers

Question 7

what info do mossy fibers carry?

Answer 7

carry info from the periphery of the body in order to analyze how the movement went. how did it feel? what happened?

Question 8

mossy fibers travel through what pathway

Answer 8

spinocerebellar pathway???

Question 9

how do purkinje fibers learn how to respond to particular patterns of parallel fiber inputs

Answer 9

climbing fibers teach them

Question 10

what lobes of the cerebellum informs us of our vestibular input and balance?

Answer 10

flocculonodular lobe, the vestibulocerebellum

Question 11

purkinje cells output to the cerebellar nuclei is …

Answer 11

inhibitory

Question 12

where do purkinje cells get their input?

Answer 12

weak input from mossy fibers via parallel cells (which are given input to give to purkinje from basket cells, and golgi cells etc.) and strong input from climbing fi bers

Question 13

what part of the cerebellum handles proprioception?

Answer 13

vermis and paravermis/ medial hemisphere - these make up the spinocerebellum

Question 14

what lobes of the cerebellum handle input from cortex for high level planning of learned skillful movement?

Answer 14

lateral hemisphere or the cerebrocerebellum

Question 15

the dentate nuclei is housed in the_____ and projects to the________

Answer 15

lateral hemisphere, motor, premotor cortex

Question 16

the interposed nuclei is housed in the ______ hemisphere and projects to_____

Answer 16

intermediate hemisphere, M1 and the Red nucleus

Question 17

the fastigial nuclei is housed in the _______ and projects to the ______

Answer 17

vermis , vestibular nuclei and reticular nuclei

Question 18

what parts of the cerebellum control extension and proximal mm important for posture and balance and controls our head and eye coordination for the VOR

Answer 18

the vestibulocerebellum and part of the spinocerebellum (flocculonoddular lobe and the vermis)

Question 19

what area of the cerebellum primarily influences limb movement?

Answer 19

paravermal section (medial hemisphere) of the spinocerebellum, inputs come from the motor cortex and the SC and then output goes via the interposed nucleus through the VL/VA to M1 and the red nucleus to make adjustments (***compares command from the motor cortex with whats actually happening at the limb to make adjustments on the fly)

Question 20

output from the lateral and medial hemispheres are ______ allowing them to affect which side limbs?

Answer 20

double crossers, cerebellum affects ipsilateral limb function

Question 21

damage to vestibulocerebellum and vermis lead to what?

Answer 21

balance disorders, ataxia, loss of eye control

Question 22

how do u diff. diagnose cerebellar ataxia?

Answer 22

pts will maintain full control of limbs when in supine bc they don’t have to fight gravity to work to position all the joints, have more resources to put towards their limbs

Question 23

damage to paravermis (medial hemisphere) of spinocerebellum causes what?

Answer 23

intention tremor
(disruption of accuracy of execution of movements--> reduces activity of corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts which results in reduced excitabillity of LMNs and causes hypotonia which the person then tries to correct and can't causing jerky, abnormal movement patterns)

Question 24

what causes dysdiadochokinesia?

Answer 24

lesions to lateral hemisphere (cerebrocerebellum)- results in errors in movement and in timing

Question 25

can cerebellar problems affect cognition?

Answer 25

yes, working memory, spatial awareness, temporal judgement, word association, silent reading, pegboard puzzle solving

Question 26

as an action gets more and more routine, the cerebellum gets ______acitve

Answer 26

less and less active